CAJ | 학술논문

依据台湾水权登记审查作业要点规定“水系水权登记申请之水权总量，不得超过该水源通常保持之水量”、“地下水水源通常保持之水量，为引水地点一定范围内补注量与用水出水量均衡时之水量”。故地下水之年可抽水量即为一年里抽水量与补注量达到平衡状态时之水量，本研究目的即在评估此量值。采用水平衡分析结合模式仿真的方式进行评估，以台中盆地为应用对象，利用蓄水量历线法、MODFLOW以及二维河流演算套件SFR(stream-flow-routing package)构建稳态地面与地下水流仿真模式，评估在各行政区内年抽水量与补注量达到平衡状态下之水量，作为各行政区之地下水可抽水量总量管制目标。唯藉此总量管制使年抽水量趋近于建议之可抽水量，方可使得水资源达到永续利用。评估结果显示：台中盆地年可抽水量为3.72亿吨，其中以西屯区及台中市区之可抽水量最大，分别为0.60亿吨/年与0.54亿吨/年，因其位于盆地底端，由四周之地下水入流量与河水入渗补注量大，且砾石含水层深厚；大肚区及彰化市之可抽水量则最小，分别为0.02亿吨/年与0.04亿吨/年，与最大差异达十倍以上，盖因其含水层多泥砂互层，蓄水性、流通性皆不佳。本研究成果可作为台中盆地水资源管理之初步依据，后续可再进一步探讨一年中每个月可以抽用多少水量，以细化管理精致度。
의거태만수권등기심사작업요점규정“수계수권등기신청지수권총량，불득초과해수원통상보지지수량”、“지하수수원통상보지지수량，위인수지점일정범위내보주량여용수출수량균형시지수량”。고지하수지년가추수량즉위일년리추수량여보주량체도평형상태시지수량，본연구목적즉재평고차량치。채용수평형분석결합모식방진적방식진행평고，이태중분지위응용대상，이용축수량력선법、MODFLOW이급이유하류연산투건SFR(stream-flow-routing package)구건은태지면여지하수류방진모식，평고재각행정구내년추수량여보주량체도평형상태하지수량，작위각행정구지지하수가추수량총량관제목표。유자차총량관제사년추수량추근우건의지가추수량，방가사득수자원체도영속이용。평고결과현시：태중분지년가추수량위3.72억둔，기중이서둔구급태중시구지가추수량최대，분별위0.60억둔/년여0.54억둔/년，인기위우분지저단，유사주지지하수입류량여하수입삼보주량대，차력석함수층심후；대두구급창화시지가추수량칙최소，분별위0.02억둔/년여0.04억둔/년，여최대차이체십배이상，개인기함수층다니사호층，축수성、류통성개불가。본연구성과가작위태중분지수자원관리지초보의거，후속가재진일보탐토일년중매개월가이추용다소수량，이세화관리정치도。
The “Directions for Application Review on Water Right Registration of Taiwan” rules that the total amount of registered water rights cannot exceed the typicaly maintained amount of water resources. The typicaly maintained amount of groundwater is the balanced quantity between pumping and recharge in the inlfuence area. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the balanced quantity. We combined a water budget analysis with a simulation model as the evaluation method, and Taichung Basin, located in the mid-western part of Taiwan, was chosen as the research area. The groundwater storage hydrograph analysis model MODFLOW and a stream-flow-routing package (SFR) were used to constructed a surface water and groundwater flow simulation model. The balanced quantity of each district was evaluated, and the summation was set as the target for controling the total amount of groundwater pumping in Taichung Basin. The amount of water rights should be set close to this amount. Only under this balanced condition wil it be possible for the groundwater pumped out to be recharged annually for sustainable utilization. The evaluation results showed that the total amount of alowable pumping in Taichung Basin was 372 milion tons per year. The Xitun district and Taichung urban district had the largest amounts of alowable pumping, because these two districts are located at the bottom of Taichung Basin. The aquifer formed by gravel is thick, and a huge amount of groundwater converges here. In contrast, Dadu district and Changhua district had the smallest amount of allowable pumping, because the aquifer there contains clay and sand layers, which maintain less water. The research results could be used as a reference for water resource management. To achieve better management, further study should be devoted to analyzing how much groundwater could be pumped in different months.