上海国土资源
上海國土資源
상해국토자원
SHANGHAI LAND & RESOURCES
2015年
4期
83-88
,共6页
测绘遥感技术%矿山环境治理%稀土矿%违法开采%遥感调查%动态监测
測繪遙感技術%礦山環境治理%稀土礦%違法開採%遙感調查%動態鑑測
측회요감기술%광산배경치리%희토광%위법개채%요감조사%동태감측
surveying and mapping remote sensing technology%mineral region environment management%rare earth%ilegal exploitation%remote sensing investigate%dynamic monitoring
稀土矿的违法开采带来一系列问题。为摸清近年来广东省稀土矿违法开采状况，以遥感为主要技术手段对此开展了动态监测研究。以广东省2010~2014年矿产卫片成果为基础，论述了稀土矿违法开采遥感调查技术路线和技术方法，重点分析了广东省2010~2014年稀土矿的违法开采特征与变化趋势，并对存在问题进行了总结与分析。结果表明：广东省稀土矿违法开采总体呈加剧、减弱、反弹趋势，疑似违法开采图斑点多、分布广，但持续违法少，近两年稀土矿开采方式和地点更为隐蔽，遥感监测难度加大。针对稀土矿开采周期短、速度快的特点，建议使用多种类型国产卫星数据开展多次数动态监测；针对稀土矿开采地点偏僻、隐蔽性强的特点，建议在稀土矿违法开采集中分布区开展低空无人机遥感监测。
稀土礦的違法開採帶來一繫列問題。為摸清近年來廣東省稀土礦違法開採狀況，以遙感為主要技術手段對此開展瞭動態鑑測研究。以廣東省2010~2014年礦產衛片成果為基礎，論述瞭稀土礦違法開採遙感調查技術路線和技術方法，重點分析瞭廣東省2010~2014年稀土礦的違法開採特徵與變化趨勢，併對存在問題進行瞭總結與分析。結果錶明：廣東省稀土礦違法開採總體呈加劇、減弱、反彈趨勢，疑似違法開採圖斑點多、分佈廣，但持續違法少，近兩年稀土礦開採方式和地點更為隱蔽，遙感鑑測難度加大。針對稀土礦開採週期短、速度快的特點，建議使用多種類型國產衛星數據開展多次數動態鑑測；針對稀土礦開採地點偏僻、隱蔽性彊的特點，建議在稀土礦違法開採集中分佈區開展低空無人機遙感鑑測。
희토광적위법개채대래일계렬문제。위모청근년래광동성희토광위법개채상황，이요감위주요기술수단대차개전료동태감측연구。이광동성2010~2014년광산위편성과위기출，논술료희토광위법개채요감조사기술로선화기술방법，중점분석료광동성2010~2014년희토광적위법개채특정여변화추세，병대존재문제진행료총결여분석。결과표명：광동성희토광위법개채총체정가극、감약、반탄추세，의사위법개채도반점다、분포엄，단지속위법소，근량년희토광개채방식화지점경위은폐，요감감측난도가대。침대희토광개채주기단、속도쾌적특점，건의사용다충류형국산위성수거개전다차수동태감측；침대희토광개채지점편벽、은폐성강적특점，건의재희토광위법개채집중분포구개전저공무인궤요감감측。
The ilegal exploitation of rare earth has brought a series of problems. Remote sensing technology has been used to dynamicaly monitor the ilegal exploitation of rare earth minerals in Guangdong Province in recent years. A remote sensing investigation method for rare earth ilegal mining and its characteristics and change trend in Guangdong Province are discussed based on mineral satelite images acquired in 2010–2014, and the existing problems are summarized and analyzed. The results show that rare earth illegal mining in Guangdong Province generally increased, decreased, and then rebounded. The suspected illegal mining patterns show a wide distribution, but less continuous illegal mining. The exploitation locations have become more hidden in the past two years. Thus, the dififculty of remote sensing monitoring has increased. In view of the short and rapid characteristics of the rare earth mining cycle, the use of various types of domestic satelite images for dynamic monitoring was recommended. In addition, because rare earth mining locations are remote and hidden, the use of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles for the remote sensing monitoring of concentrated areas of rare earth mining was recommended.
