CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查贵州省北盘江流域鼠疫主要宿主动物和媒介蚤类,了解鼠疫疫源状况,为预防控制鼠疫提供依据.方法 2008-2010年,采用流行病学现场调查方法,在贵州省北盘江流域沿岸,抽取5个乡(镇)的5个行政村.每个村选择20户涉淹农户,采用笼(夹)法在每户室内布放捕鼠笼,并在野外各类生境布放捕鼠夹,捕获啮齿类动物;同时采用粘蚤纸法调查农户室内游离蚤;在调查村分别采集指示动物和正常人静脉血5 ml,分离血清.采用“四步检验”对啮齿类动物脏器和蚤进行鼠疫菌分离;采用间接血凝法(IHA)检测啮齿类动物滤纸血、指示动物和正常人血清鼠疫F1抗体.结果共捕获的啮齿动物243只,其中室内202只,捕获率为4.90％;野外41只,捕获率为1.15％.捕获的啮齿动物分为1目1科4属9种,黄胸鼠和锡金小鼠为优势种.共有5只啮齿动物染蚤,染蚤率为2.06％;共获蚤53匹,总蚤指数为0.218 1.鼠体蚤分为2科2属2种,印鼠客蚤为优势种.未检出鼠疫菌和鼠疫F1抗体.结论北盘江流域沿岸尚未发现鼠疫流行指征,但沿岸具备形成黄胸鼠鼠疫疫源地的条件.
목적 조사귀주성북반강류역서역주요숙주동물화매개조류,료해서역역원상황,위예방공제서역제공의거.방법 2008-2010년,채용류행병학현장조사방법,재귀주성북반강류역연안,추취5개향(진)적5개행정촌.매개촌선택20호섭엄농호,채용롱(협)법재매호실내포방포서롱,병재야외각류생경포방포서협,포획교치류동물;동시채용점조지법조사농호실내유리조;재조사촌분별채집지시동물화정상인정맥혈5 ml,분리혈청.채용“사보검험”대교치류동물장기화조진행서역균분리;채용간접혈응법(IHA)검측교치류동물려지혈、지시동물화정상인혈청서역F1항체.결과 공포획적교치동물243지,기중실내202지,포획솔위4.90％;야외41지,포획솔위1.15％.포획적교치동물분위1목1과4속9충,황흉서화석금소서위우세충.공유5지교치동물염조,염조솔위2.06％;공획조53필,총조지수위0.218 1.서체조분위2과2속2충,인서객조위우세충.미검출서역균화서역F1항체.결론 북반강류역연안상미발현서역류행지정,단연안구비형성황흉서서역역원지적조건.
Objective To survey the major host animal and media fleas of plague in Beipanjiang Basin,to gain insights into plague foci and to provide a basis for prevention and control of plague.Methods According to the epidemiological site survey methods,from 2008 to 2010 five villages in five townships (towns) in coastal watershed of Beipanjiang were selected.The methods of cage trapping and 5 meters thread clamp were used to capture rodents indoor and outdoor,respectively.After rats were anesthetized with ether anesthesia,rat body flea were combed and stored in sterile tubes.The liver and spleen of rodents were collected and stored in the test tube with preservation solution,and free body fleas on rats were collected with flea sticky paper and stored in sterile tubes.Blood specimens (5 ml) of indicating animal and normal people were collected,serum was separated and sent for laboratory test.The four-step method was utilized to isolate Yersinia pestis from rodents and fleas,the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) was used to test F1 antibodies on the blood of rodents filter,blood serum of humans and rodents.Results Totally 243 rodents were captured,202 indoor and 41 outdoor,the capture rate was 4.90％ and 1.15％,respectively.Rodents captured belong to 9 species,4 genera,1 family and 1 order,Rattus flavipectus and Mus pahari were dominant species.Five rodents had body flea,the dyed flea rate was 2.06％;53 fleas were captured,total flea index was 0.218 1.Rat fleas were classified in 2 families,2 genera and 2 species,and Cheopis was the dominant species.Yersinia pestis and plague F1 were not detected.Conclusion The epidemic indication has not been found in Beipanjiang Basin,but the nurturing conditions for Rattus flavipectus plague foci along the coast are exist.