CAJ | 학술논문

为了解新疆的微藻资源及其群落特征，研究于2013年5月和2014年6月对新疆包括荒漠、草甸、农田、滩涂等土壤生境和湖泊、水库、河流、池塘、沟渠等水体生境中的微藻进行了采样调查，共采集到标本329个，其中水样256个，土样73个。经室内鉴定发现，陆生藻有77种，优势种呈蓝藻-绿藻型，主要是席藻属(Phormidium)的种类、具鞘微鞘藻(Microcoleus vaginatus)、土生绿球藻(Chlorococcum humicola)；水生藻有272种，优势种呈绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型，主要集中在颤藻属(Oscillatoria)、席藻属(Phormidium)、栅藻属(Scenedesmus)、单针藻属(Monoraphidium)和舟形藻属(Navicula)。整体而言，北部中温带干旱区的微藻较南部暖温带极端干旱区更丰富，而且主要集中在中温带干旱区的滩涂、湖泊和河流生境。依多维尺度分析发现，土壤生境下同一气候区的滩涂和草甸的微藻群落结构较为相似，荒漠和农田生境的群落结构无气候区域差异。在水生生境下，暖温带极端干旱区河流中的群落结构与其他4种水境中差别较大；中温带干旱区的湖泊和河流相似，其他生境中的差别都较大，这说明气候带和生境类型都对微藻群落有影响。
위료해신강적미조자원급기군락특정，연구우2013년5월화2014년6월대신강포괄황막、초전、농전、탄도등토양생경화호박、수고、하류、지당、구거등수체생경중적미조진행료채양조사，공채집도표본329개，기중수양256개，토양73개。경실내감정발현，륙생조유77충，우세충정람조-록조형，주요시석조속(Phormidium)적충류、구초미초조(Microcoleus vaginatus)、토생록구조(Chlorococcum humicola)；수생조유272충，우세충정록조-규조-람조형，주요집중재전조속(Oscillatoria)、석조속(Phormidium)、책조속(Scenedesmus)、단침조속(Monoraphidium)화주형조속(Navicula)。정체이언，북부중온대간한구적미조교남부난온대겁단간한구경봉부，이차주요집중재중온대간한구적탄도、호박화하류생경。의다유척도분석발현，토양생경하동일기후구적탄도화초전적미조군락결구교위상사，황막화농전생경적군락결구무기후구역차이。재수생생경하，난온대겁단간한구하류중적군락결구여기타4충수경중차별교대；중온대간한구적호박화하류상사，기타생경중적차별도교대，저설명기후대화생경류형도대미조군락유영향。
We conducted studies in May 2013 and June 2014 in Xinjiang to better understand the community structure of microalgae in this area and the impacts of habitational environments on their distribution. The sampling sites were lo-cated in different aquatic (lakes, rivers, ditches, ponds, reservoirs) and terrestrial (deserts, meadows, farmlands, shal-lows) habitats in Xinjiang. Two hundred and twenty microalgae samples were collected including 185 water samples and 35 soil samples. Seventy-seven species of terrestrial microalgae were identified, and 9 of them (mainly Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta) were dominant, such asPhormidium, Microcoleus vaginatus, andChlorococcum humicola. There were 272 of aquatic species, 42 of which were dominant, and the dominant species were a complex of Chlorophyta, Bacil-lariophyta and Cyanophyta, includingOscillatoria,Phormidium,Scenedesmus,Monoraphidium,Navicula and so on. Compared to the southern warm-temperate extreme arid zone, microalgae species were more abundant in the northern mid-temperate arid zone, especially enriched in shallows, rivers and lakes. According to the multidimensional scaling analysis, terrestrial habitats such as beaches and meadows had similar community structures of microalgae in the same climate zone, while deserts and farmlands had the same community structure in spite of the climate difference. As for the aquatic habitats, there were remarkable differences in the community structure between rivers and other 4 aquatic habitats in the warm-temperate extreme arid zone; in the mid-temperate arid zone, the community structures in the lakes and rivers were similar, but there was a great difference among other aquatic habitats. Our study indicated that different climates and habitational environments may have impacts on microalgae species.