CAJ | 학술논문

为制备并评价鲁氏耶尔森氏菌口服微球疫苗的免疫效果,实验采用天然高分子聚合物海藻酸钠为疫苗载体,鲁氏耶尔森氏菌灭活疫苗为抗原,制备鲁氏耶尔森氏菌口服疫苗。以拌料口服方式进行免疫,通过血清非特异免疫指标、抗体效价、免疫保护率等综合评价疫苗的免疫效果。结果表明,鲁氏耶尔森氏菌口服微球疫苗成球性好,粒径均匀,粒径(8.76±1.73)μm,跨距0.47,包封效率94.51%,具备良好的抗酸性、肠溶性及高安全性的特点。将疫苗免疫斑点叉尾,能显著提高斑点叉尾血清中溶菌酶活力、总超氧化物歧化酶活力(T-SOD)以及补体替代途径活性(ACH50)；血清凝集效价于第5周达到峰值为1︰8,至免疫后第8周仍能检测到特异性抗体；口服鲁氏耶尔森氏菌微球疫苗的斑点叉尾获得的抗鲁氏耶尔森氏菌相对免疫保护率为65.52%。综上所述,实验制备的鲁氏耶尔森氏菌口服微球疫苗能够对鲁氏耶尔森氏菌病起到较好的预防作用。
위제비병평개로씨야이삼씨균구복미구역묘적면역효과,실험채용천연고분자취합물해조산납위역묘재체,로씨야이삼씨균멸활역묘위항원,제비로씨야이삼씨균구복역묘。이반료구복방식진행면역,통과혈청비특이면역지표、항체효개、면역보호솔등종합평개역묘적면역효과。결과표명,로씨야이삼씨균구복미구역묘성구성호,립경균균,립경(8.76±1.73)μm,과거0.47,포봉효솔94.51%,구비량호적항산성、장용성급고안전성적특점。장역묘면역반점차미,능현저제고반점차미혈청중용균매활력、총초양화물기화매활력(T-SOD)이급보체체대도경활성(ACH50)；혈청응집효개우제5주체도봉치위1︰8,지면역후제8주잉능검측도특이성항체；구복로씨야이삼씨균미구역묘적반점차미획득적항로씨야이삼씨균상대면역보호솔위65.52%。종상소술,실험제비적로씨야이삼씨균구복미구역묘능구대로씨야이삼씨균병기도교호적예방작용。
Yersinia ruckeri is major pathogenic bacterium that is harmful to the aquaculture ofIctalurus punctatus. The conventional treatment such as antibiotics and chemicals often cause issues in, for example, food safety and drug resis-tance. The vaccine has been considered to be the most effective method of disease prevention and control. Currently, natural polymer materials have been used as the carrier for fish oral vaccine, and sodium alginate is regarded as an ideal material and has become a hotspot in research. In this study, we prepared the oral microspheres vaccine ofY. ruckeriby using formalin-inactivatedY. ruckeri as the antigen and sodium alginate as the carrier. We also studied the characteris-tics of this vaccine and evaluated its immune efficacy that was indicated by the serum non-specific immune parameters, the antibody titers and the relative survival rate. We found that the microspheres had a good form with a homogeneous distribution of the particle diameter; the average diameter was (8.76±1.73)μm and the span was 0.47; and the encapsu-lation efficiency of the vaccine was 94.51%. Moreover, this vaccine exhibited characteristics such as high acid resis-tance, good enteric solubility, and being safe. The activities of the serum lysozyme, the total superoxide disumutase (T-SOD) and the alternative pathway complement (ACH50) were significantly increased in the vaccinatedI. punctatus. The serum agglutination titers reached the peak value of 1: 8 in the 5th week, and the specific antibodies were detected in the 8th week after vaccination. The relative survival rate of theI. punctatus was 65.52%. In conclusion, the oral mi-crospheres vaccine ofY. ruckerieffectively protects the fish form theY. ruckeri disease.