CAJ | 학술논문

以初始体重为(4.91±0.17) g的刺参(Apostichopus japonicas)为研究对象,研究投喂不同剂量人参茎叶提取物对刺参生长、免疫及抗病力的影响,探讨人参茎叶提取物在刺参养殖中的应用。在每千克基础饲料中分别添加10、20、40和80 g人参茎叶提取物作为实验组,并以基础饲料为对照进行为期30d的饲喂养殖。结果显示,投喂人参茎叶提取物对刺参的生长并无显著影响,刺参特定生长率不随人参茎叶提取物添加量的增加而提高。当人参茎叶提取物添加量为80 g/kg时,刺参体腔细胞总数、呼吸暴发强度、细胞吞噬活性、超氧化物歧化酶活力、总一氧化氮合酶活力均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)；当人参茎叶提取物添加量为40 g/kg时,细胞吞噬活性也显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但其余免疫指标与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)；当人参茎叶提取物的添加量不大于20 g/kg时,各项免疫指标与对照组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。攻毒实验表明,20、40和80 g/kg人参茎叶提取物组的健康率要高于对照组,其中80 g/kg人参茎叶提取物组健康率为80.56%要显著高于对照组和10 g/kg人参茎叶提取物组(P<0.05)。人参茎叶提取物可作为免疫增强剂应用于刺参的养殖中来提高刺参的免疫和抗病能力。
이초시체중위(4.91±0.17) g적자삼(Apostichopus japonicas)위연구대상,연구투위불동제량인삼경협제취물대자삼생장、면역급항병력적영향,탐토인삼경협제취물재자삼양식중적응용。재매천극기출사료중분별첨가10、20、40화80 g인삼경협제취물작위실험조,병이기출사료위대조진행위기30d적사위양식。결과현시,투위인삼경협제취물대자삼적생장병무현저영향,자삼특정생장솔불수인삼경협제취물첨가량적증가이제고。당인삼경협제취물첨가량위80 g/kg시,자삼체강세포총수、호흡폭발강도、세포탄서활성、초양화물기화매활력、총일양화담합매활력균현저고우대조조(P<0.05)；당인삼경협제취물첨가량위40 g/kg시,세포탄서활성야현저고우대조조(P<0.05),단기여면역지표여대조조상비무현저차이(P>0.05)；당인삼경협제취물적첨가량불대우20 g/kg시,각항면역지표여대조조지간균무현저차이(P>0.05)。공독실험표명,20、40화80 g/kg인삼경협제취물조적건강솔요고우대조조,기중80 g/kg인삼경협제취물조건강솔위80.56%요현저고우대조조화10 g/kg인삼경협제취물조(P<0.05)。인삼경협제취물가작위면역증강제응용우자삼적양식중래제고자삼적면역화항병능력。
To investigate the actual effects of ginseng stem and leaf extracts in the farming of sea cucumbers (Aposti-chopus japonicas), we conducted experiments to study the growth, immunity and the resistance to diseases in sea cu-cumbers treated with ginseng extracts. The sea cucumbers had an initial body weight of (4.91±0.17) g, and were fed with ginseng stem-leaf extracts at the levels of 10, 20, 40 and 80 g per kg for 30 days. Basal diet without ginseng ab-stract served as the control treatment. The specific growth rates (SGR) of sea cucumbers showed no changes in response to the increase in ginseng stem-leaf extracts. Compared to the control, sea cucumbers fed with 80 g/kg ginseng stem-leaf extracts showed significantly higher levels in total coelomocytes count (TCC), respiratory burst (RB) activity, phago-cytosis, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) (P<0.05). Enhancement in phagocytosis was also observed in sea cucumbers fed with 40 g/kg ginseng stem-leaf extracts (P<0.05). However, there were no sig-nificant differences in other immune parameters between the 10 g/kg group, the 20 g/kg group, and the control group (P>0.05). Results of the challenge trial suggested that sea cucumbers fed with 20 g/kg, 40 g/kg and 80 g/kg ginseng stem-leaf extracts were healthier than the control. The health rate of sea cucumbers fed with 80 g/kg ginseng stem-leaf extracts was 80.56%, which was significantly higher than the control and the 10 g/kg group (P<0.05). Therefore, we concluded that the treatment with ginseng stem-leaf extracts might improve the immunity and the resistance to diseases in sea cucumbers and thus could be used as an immunity enhancer in the farming of the sea cucumbers.