CAJ | 학술논문

为研究叶酸和VB12协同作用对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹生长、非特异性免疫和抗病力的影响，选取初始体重为(2.57±0.03) g的幼蟹600只，随机分成4组，每组5个重复，每个重复30只幼蟹，分别投喂对照组(不添加叶酸和VB12)，单一VB12组(0.2 mg/kg)，单一叶酸组(2.3 mg/kg)和联合处理组(0.2 mg/kg VB12+2.3 mg/kg叶酸)的饲料8周。在养殖实验结束后，先统计成活率和称重，然后从每个处理组随机选取30只幼蟹，用2×108 CFU/mL的嗜水气单胞菌注射攻毒2周。实验结果表明：幼蟹的增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率和存活率在联合处理组最高，显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，但与单一叶酸或 VB12组相比不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。联合处理组的血清酚氧化酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，但与单一叶酸或VB12组也无显著性差异(P>0.05)。同时，联合处理组的血清酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶活性和血细胞总数等指标最高，其次是单一叶酸组和VB12组，而对照组最低。投喂联合处理组饲料幼蟹的肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶活性最高，而丙二醛含量和累积死亡率最低。以上结果表明，叶酸和 VB12对幼蟹的生长、生理代谢和免疫性能均可能有互补和协同作用，养殖生产中建议饲料中叶酸和VB12添加量分别为2.3 mg/kg和0.2 mg/kg。
위연구협산화VB12협동작용대중화융오해(Eriocheir sinensis)유해생장、비특이성면역화항병력적영향，선취초시체중위(2.57±0.03) g적유해600지，수궤분성4조，매조5개중복，매개중복30지유해，분별투위대조조(불첨가협산화VB12)，단일VB12조(0.2 mg/kg)，단일협산조(2.3 mg/kg)화연합처리조(0.2 mg/kg VB12+2.3 mg/kg협산)적사료8주。재양식실험결속후，선통계성활솔화칭중，연후종매개처리조수궤선취30지유해，용2×108 CFU/mL적기수기단포균주사공독2주。실험결과표명：유해적증중솔、특정생장솔、사료효솔화존활솔재연합처리조최고，현저고우대조조(P<0.05)，단여단일협산혹 VB12조상비불존재현저차이(P>0.05)。연합처리조적혈청분양화매활성현저고우대조조(P<0.05)，단여단일협산혹VB12조야무현저성차이(P>0.05)。동시，연합처리조적혈청산성린산매、감성린산매、용균매활성화혈세포총수등지표최고，기차시단일협산조화VB12조，이대조조최저。투위연합처리조사료유해적간이선초양화물기화매활성최고，이병이철함량화루적사망솔최저。이상결과표명，협산화 VB12대유해적생장、생리대사화면역성능균가능유호보화협동작용，양식생산중건의사료중협산화VB12첨가량분별위2.3 mg/kg화0.2 mg/kg。
In this study, we aimed to determine the combined effects of dietary folic acid and vitamin B12 on the growth, non-specific immunity, and the disease resistance of juvenile Chinese mitten crabEricheir sinensis. The crabs [initial weight, (2.57 ± 0.02) g] were fed with 4 experimental diets containing 2 concentrations of folic acid (0 and 2.3 mg folic acid/kg diet) and vitamin B12 (0 and 0.2 mg vitamin B12/kg diet). Each diet group had 5 replicates and was fed for 8 weeks. This was followed by anAeromonas hydrophila challenge for 2 weeks.E. sinensis fed with 2.3 mg folic acid/kg and 0.2 mg vitamin B12/kg showed significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and survival rate than those fed without folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation. The activity of phenoloxidase was the maximum in juveniles fed with 2.3 mg folic acid/kg and 0.2 mg vitamin B12/kg. Juveniles fed with both folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation had the highest levels of total haemocyte count, lysozyme, and activities of acid phosphatase and alka-line phosphatase, followed by crabs fed with either folic acid or vitamin B12 only, and the group without folic acid or vitamin B12 supplementation was the lowest. Crabs fed with 2.3 mg folic acid/kg and 0.2 mg vitamin B12/kg exhibited the highest activity of superoxide dismutase but the lowest level of malondialdehyde and the cumulative mortality. These results indicated that folic acid and vitamin B12 had an interactive effect on the growth, non-specific immunity and the disease resistance of juvenileE. sinensis. The optimal concentrations of dietary folic acid and vitamin B12 should be 2.3 mg/kg diet and 0.2 mg/kg diet respectively.