CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨浙江省湖州市维持性血液透析患者的心理状态及相关影响因素。方法选择湖州市第一人民医院376例维持性血液透析患者作为研究对象。通过发放调查问卷的形式掌握维持性血液透析患者的焦虑抑郁状况，研究患者的焦虑抑郁状况与性别、年龄、社会支持状况、营养状况、合并症之间的关系，同时应用 SF-36量表评价维持性血液透析患者的生存质量。结果发放376例调查问卷，共收回373例，有效回收率为99．20％。373例患者中：无抑郁182例（48．79％）、轻度抑郁78例（20．91％）、中度抑郁59例（15．82％）、重度抑郁54例（14．48％），共51．21％存在不同程度的抑郁。373例患者中：无焦虑123例（32.97％）、轻度焦虑141例（37．80％）、轻中度焦虑55例（14．75％）、中度焦虑33例（8．85％）、重度焦虑21例（5．63％），共67．03％存在不同程度的焦虑。湖州市维持性血液透析女性患者的抑郁率65．50％、焦虑率80．70％严重于男性患者抑郁率39．11％、焦虑率55．45％，差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．01～0．05）。维持性血液透析患者的焦虑抑郁状况随着年龄的上升而逐渐严重。重度营养不良的维持性血液透析患者抑郁率80．65％、焦虑率90．32％严重于营养正常及轻度营养不良患者抑郁率44．49％、焦虑率61．81％，差异均有统计学意义（均 P ＜0．01）。SF-36量表显示，大部分维持性血液透析患者的生存质量较差，各功能受到一定的限制。结论湖州市维持性血液透析的患者普遍存在焦虑抑郁等不良心理状态，且患者的心理状态受到性别、年龄、营养状况、合并症等因素的影响，临床上需要根据维持性血液透析患者的心理状况及相关影响因素给患者提供有效的心理干预，从而改善患者的生存质量。
목적：탐토절강성호주시유지성혈액투석환자적심리상태급상관영향인소。방법선택호주시제일인민의원376례유지성혈액투석환자작위연구대상。통과발방조사문권적형식장악유지성혈액투석환자적초필억욱상황，연구환자적초필억욱상황여성별、년령、사회지지상황、영양상황、합병증지간적관계，동시응용 SF-36량표평개유지성혈액투석환자적생존질량。결과발방376례조사문권，공수회373례，유효회수솔위99．20％。373례환자중：무억욱182례（48．79％）、경도억욱78례（20．91％）、중도억욱59례（15．82％）、중도억욱54례（14．48％），공51．21％존재불동정도적억욱。373례환자중：무초필123례（32.97％）、경도초필141례（37．80％）、경중도초필55례（14．75％）、중도초필33례（8．85％）、중도초필21례（5．63％），공67．03％존재불동정도적초필。호주시유지성혈액투석녀성환자적억욱솔65．50％、초필솔80．70％엄중우남성환자억욱솔39．11％、초필솔55．45％，차이균유통계학의의（P ＜0．01～0．05）。유지성혈액투석환자적초필억욱상황수착년령적상승이축점엄중。중도영양불량적유지성혈액투석환자억욱솔80．65％、초필솔90．32％엄중우영양정상급경도영양불량환자억욱솔44．49％、초필솔61．81％，차이균유통계학의의（균 P ＜0．01）。SF-36량표현시，대부분유지성혈액투석환자적생존질량교차，각공능수도일정적한제。결론호주시유지성혈액투석적환자보편존재초필억욱등불양심리상태，차환자적심리상태수도성별、년령、영양상황、합병증등인소적영향，림상상수요근거유지성혈액투석환자적심리상황급상관영향인소급환자제공유효적심리간예，종이개선환자적생존질량。
Objective To investigate the psychological status and related factors in patients with mainte-nance hemodialysis in Huzhou city.Methods 376 cases of maintenance hemodialysis were selected as the research subjects in Huzhou First People's Hospital.The anxiety and depression status in maintenance hemodialysis patients were investigated by issuing questionnaires.To study the relationship between anxiety and depression,gender,age, social support,nutritional status,complications,and in maintenance hemodialysis patients.At the same time,the quality of life was evaluated by SF -36 scale.Results Issuing 376 questionnaires,a total of 373 points,the effective recovery rate was 99.20%.In 373 patients,there were 182 patients (48.79%)with no depression,mild depression in 78 cases (20.91%),moderate depression in 59 cases (15.82%),severe depression in 54 cases (14.48%). 51.21% patients had different degree of depression.Of the 373 patients,there were 123 patients (32.97%)with no anxiety,mild anxiety in 141 cases (37.80%),mild and moderate anxiety in 55 cases (14.75%),moderate anxiety in 33 cases (8.85%),severe anxiety in 21 cases (5.63%).A total of 67.03% patients had different degrees of anx-iety.Huzhou city maintenance hemodialysis,female patients had depression rate of 80.70%,anxiety rate of 65.50%, which were significantly higher than the rate of depression 55.45%,anxiety rate 39.11% in male patients,the differ-ences were statistically significant (P <0.01 -0.05).In maintenance hemodialysis patients,the anxiety and depres-sion status gradually increased with age.Severe malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients,the rate of depres-sion,anxiety rates were 80.65%,90.32%,the rates of depression,anxiety were 44.49%,61.81% in normal and mild malnutrition patients,the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.01).SF -36 scale showed that most of the patients with maintenance hemodialysis patients had poor quality of life,and the function was limited. Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients,the general existence of anxiety and depression in the mental state in Huzhou city.Moreover,the psychological state of the patients is influenced by sex,age,nutrition status,and other factors.In clinical,it is needed to provide effective psychological intervention for patients to improve the quality of life,according to the psychological status and related factors of maintenance hemodialysis patients.