CAJ | 학술논문

高水平的教育财政投入是教育优先发展战略地位的重要物质保障. 近期中国教育财政投入实现了"超常规"的快速增长,超额完成了二十年前提出的"4%目标",但是制约教育财政投入的体制格局并未发生实质性的转变. 更为严峻的是,经济发展"新常态"下,政府财政收入增幅迅速下降,人口结构转换导致政策优先议程重置,以及淡化支出挂钩等宏观财政体制改革,都将对传统体制下教育财政投入的持续增加形成挑战.进一步的国际比较显示,当前中国教育财政投入水平依然低于主要发达国家和发展中国家均值,未来仍需加大教育财政投入力度. 然而,"4%目标"的实现几乎达到了传统教育财政体制和治理机制的制度极限,要保障未来教育财政投入水平持续提高,必须着力于推动教育财政制度的战略性转型.
고수평적교육재정투입시교육우선발전전략지위적중요물질보장. 근기중국교육재정투입실현료"초상규"적쾌속증장,초액완성료이십년전제출적"4%목표",단시제약교육재정투입적체제격국병미발생실질성적전변. 경위엄준적시,경제발전"신상태"하,정부재정수입증폭신속하강,인구결구전환도치정책우선의정중치,이급담화지출괘구등굉관재정체제개혁,도장대전통체제하교육재정투입적지속증가형성도전.진일보적국제비교현시,당전중국교육재정투입수평의연저우주요발체국가화발전중국가균치,미래잉수가대교육재정투입력도. 연이,"4%목표"적실현궤호체도료전통교육재정체제화치리궤제적제도겁한,요보장미래교육재정투입수평지속제고,필수착력우추동교육재정제도적전략성전형.
A high level of fiscal input in education is the important material guarantee of the strategic priority position of educational development. The recent abnormal increase in fiscal input in education in China has rendered the country beating its 4% target set twenty years ago. However, the essential system pattern that restricts education investment has not undergone substantive changes. What's more serious, under the New Normal, the growth rate of fiscal revenue drops, policy priority shifts as the demographic structure is changing, and the macro fiscal system reforms, which combine to pose great challenges to further increase fiscal input in education. In addition, based on international comparison, the level of fiscal input in education of China is still lower than those of the main developed and developing countries, indicating that China needs to further strengthen its education investment. In the future, to enhance the level of fiscal educational input on a steady basis, it is imperative to strategically transform the traditional education financial system.