北京工业大学学报（社会科学版）
北京工業大學學報（社會科學版）
북경공업대학학보（사회과학판）
Journal of Beijing University of Technology (Social Sciences Edition)
2015年
6期
57-63,78
,共8页
粮食统购统销政策%国家与农民关系%互动与博弈
糧食統購統銷政策%國傢與農民關繫%互動與博弈
양식통구통소정책%국가여농민관계%호동여박혁
grain purchase and sale policy%relationship between state and farmers%interaction and game
新中国成立初期，国家为缓解严重的粮食危机，出台并强力实施了粮食统购统销政策，由此引起农民强烈的反应并形成农民与国家之间紧张的互动和博弈。这种互动和博弈主要表现为国家统购统销与农民自由之间的矛盾，高征购引发农民“粮食恐慌”的危机，强迫命令风导致农村干群关系尖锐对立。在农民微弱且坚韧持久的利益表达压力下，国家不断地调整和完善统购统销政策，并在农业合作化运动中实现双方的“利益整合”，冲突得以调适和纾解。国家与农民的互动和博弈，不仅折射出国家尊重农民、维护农民合法权益所做的不懈努力，也为当今推进农村改革、建设社会主义新农村提供了有益借鉴。
新中國成立初期，國傢為緩解嚴重的糧食危機，齣檯併彊力實施瞭糧食統購統銷政策，由此引起農民彊烈的反應併形成農民與國傢之間緊張的互動和博弈。這種互動和博弈主要錶現為國傢統購統銷與農民自由之間的矛盾，高徵購引髮農民“糧食恐慌”的危機，彊迫命令風導緻農村榦群關繫尖銳對立。在農民微弱且堅韌持久的利益錶達壓力下，國傢不斷地調整和完善統購統銷政策，併在農業閤作化運動中實現雙方的“利益整閤”，遲突得以調適和紓解。國傢與農民的互動和博弈，不僅摺射齣國傢尊重農民、維護農民閤法權益所做的不懈努力，也為噹今推進農村改革、建設社會主義新農村提供瞭有益藉鑒。
신중국성립초기，국가위완해엄중적양식위궤，출태병강력실시료양식통구통소정책，유차인기농민강렬적반응병형성농민여국가지간긴장적호동화박혁。저충호동화박혁주요표현위국가통구통소여농민자유지간적모순，고정구인발농민“양식공황”적위궤，강박명령풍도치농촌간군관계첨예대립。재농민미약차견인지구적이익표체압력하，국가불단지조정화완선통구통소정책，병재농업합작화운동중실현쌍방적“이익정합”，충돌득이조괄화서해。국가여농민적호동화박혁，불부절사출국가존중농민、유호농민합법권익소주적불해노력，야위당금추진농촌개혁、건설사회주의신농촌제공료유익차감。
In the initial period of new China, in order to alleviate the severe food crisis, the state promulgated and implemented a strong policy of grain purchase and sale, thus caused an strong rebound by farmers and formed the tensive interaction and game between farmers and the state. This interaction and game is mainly manifested as the contradiction between the statism and the farmers freedom, the purchase triggered the panic of farmers' grain crisis, and formed the sharp oppositive relationship between the cadres and the masses. Under the farmers' pressure of durable interest expression, the state continuously adjusted and improved the national monopoly policy of grain purchase and sale, and achieved both parties “interests integration” in the agricultural cooperative movement, and thus relieved the conflict for each other. This interaction and the game, not only reflected the respect of the state to the farmers, safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of the farmers, but also provided many useful references for promoting the rural reform and building a new socialist countryside.
