CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析健康信念模式在预防接种不良反应中的干预效果，为其在社区预防接种中的推广应用提供参考依据。方法将220名1～24月龄来社区接种疫苗的儿童及其家长随机分为对照组和干预组各110名。对照组采用常规预防接种健康教育，干预组在常规健康教育的基础上，用健康信念模式指导下的健康教育内容及方法进行干预。结果干预组家长预防疫苗接种后不良反应的知识、信念与态度，自觉地按照要求进行预防不良反应的行为均较对照组家长明显增加（P<0.05）；干预组儿童接种不良反应发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；干预组家长满意度为97.3%，明显高于对照组（90.9%）（P＜0.05）。结论用健康信念模式指导下的健康教育内容及方法能降低疫苗接种不良反应发生率，提高家长的满意度，可以在社区预防接种工作中推广应用。
목적：분석건강신념모식재예방접충불량반응중적간예효과，위기재사구예방접충중적추엄응용제공삼고의거。방법장220명1～24월령래사구접충역묘적인동급기가장수궤분위대조조화간예조각110명。대조조채용상규예방접충건강교육，간예조재상규건강교육적기출상，용건강신념모식지도하적건강교육내용급방법진행간예。결과간예조가장예방역묘접충후불량반응적지식、신념여태도，자각지안조요구진행예방불량반응적행위균교대조조가장명현증가（P<0.05）；간예조인동접충불량반응발생솔현저저우대조조（P＜0.05）；간예조가장만의도위97.3%，명현고우대조조（90.9%）（P＜0.05）。결론용건강신념모식지도하적건강교육내용급방법능강저역묘접충불량반응발생솔，제고가장적만의도，가이재사구예방접충공작중추엄응용。
Objective To explore the effects of health belief model on the prevention of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) and to provide reference for its implementation in vaccination in community health service center. Methods A total of 220 vaccinated children aged from 1 to 24 months in community health service center and their caregivers were randomly divided into control group (n=110) and intervention group (n=110). All caregivers received conventional oral health education. In addition, the caregivers in intervention group received health education guided by Health Belief Model. Results The caregivers in intervention group performed better in terms of knowledge, attitude and practice of AEFI and they could prevent AEFI in accordance with the guidance (P<0.05). The rate of adverse reaction in intervention group was obviously lower than that in control group ( P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of the caregivers in intervention group was 97.3%, which was significantly higher than that in control group (90.9%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Health education guided by health belief model is effective for reducing the incidence of AEFI and improving caregivers’ satisfaction. It may be promoted in community health service center for children’s vaccination.