上海医药
上海醫藥
상해의약
Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal
2015年
22期
43-46
,共4页
急性传染病流行特点%流行趋势
急性傳染病流行特點%流行趨勢
급성전염병류행특점%류행추세
acute infectious disease%epidemiological characteristic%epidemiological trend
目的：了解上海市东明社区常见传染病的流行特点及流行趋势。方法：采用描述性流行病学方法对东明社区2010至2014年13种常见传染病进行分析，计算发病率、定基比、环比等。结果：2010至2014年传染病年总发病率分别为335.19/10万、342.46/10万、446.36/10万、384.22/10万和440.91/10万，有上升趋势（χ2趋势=11.235， P=0.001），并以肠道传染病为主。传染病定基比增长速度为4.4%~42.6%，环比增长速度为-12.6%~32.6%。发病者年龄跨度较大，但集中分布在0~6岁年龄段（67.5%），且男性、户籍人数较多。主要病种中手足口病和病毒性肝炎一直处于第1和第2位。结论：东明社区近5年传染病以手足口病和病毒性肝炎为主，应加强相关传染病的免疫接种、健康教育，针对集体单位应加强传染病的监测。
目的：瞭解上海市東明社區常見傳染病的流行特點及流行趨勢。方法：採用描述性流行病學方法對東明社區2010至2014年13種常見傳染病進行分析，計算髮病率、定基比、環比等。結果：2010至2014年傳染病年總髮病率分彆為335.19/10萬、342.46/10萬、446.36/10萬、384.22/10萬和440.91/10萬，有上升趨勢（χ2趨勢=11.235， P=0.001），併以腸道傳染病為主。傳染病定基比增長速度為4.4%~42.6%，環比增長速度為-12.6%~32.6%。髮病者年齡跨度較大，但集中分佈在0~6歲年齡段（67.5%），且男性、戶籍人數較多。主要病種中手足口病和病毒性肝炎一直處于第1和第2位。結論：東明社區近5年傳染病以手足口病和病毒性肝炎為主，應加彊相關傳染病的免疫接種、健康教育，針對集體單位應加彊傳染病的鑑測。
목적：료해상해시동명사구상견전염병적류행특점급류행추세。방법：채용묘술성류행병학방법대동명사구2010지2014년13충상견전염병진행분석，계산발병솔、정기비、배비등。결과：2010지2014년전염병년총발병솔분별위335.19/10만、342.46/10만、446.36/10만、384.22/10만화440.91/10만，유상승추세（χ2추세=11.235， P=0.001），병이장도전염병위주。전염병정기비증장속도위4.4%~42.6%，배비증장속도위-12.6%~32.6%。발병자년령과도교대，단집중분포재0~6세년령단（67.5%），차남성、호적인수교다。주요병충중수족구병화병독성간염일직처우제1화제2위。결론：동명사구근5년전염병이수족구병화병독성간염위주，응가강상관전염병적면역접충、건강교육，침대집체단위응가강전염병적감측。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristic and trend of the common infectious disease in Dongming Community of Shanghai.Methods: The descriptive epidemiological approach was used to analyze 13 common infectious diseases from 2010 to 2014 in Dongming Community and calculate the incidence, ifxed base ratio, MoM, etc.Results:The total incidence of the infectious diseases was 335.19/100 000, 342.46/100 000, 446.36/100 000, 384.22/100 000 and 440.91/100 000 from 2010 to 2014, respectively. There was a rising trend (χ2=11.235,P=0.001), and the main infectious disease was the intestinal infectious one. The increasing speed of the ifxed base ratio of the infectious disease was 4.4%~42.6%, and the MoM growth speed -12.6%~32.6%. The age span of the patients was large, but concentrated in the 0~6 age bracket (67.5%), and most of them were the male and household registration population. The hand-foot-mouth disease and viral hepatitis were in the ifrst and second place of the main diseases.Conclusion: In the past ifve years, the main infectious diseases are the hand-foot-mouth disease and viral hepatitis. The immunization and health education related to the infectious diseases should be strengthened and the monitoring of the infectious disease be enforced for the collective units.
