CAJ | 학술논문

为研究剑麻纤维增强的热塑性淀粉复合材料的制备工艺及热稳定性,以玉米淀粉为原料,先制得热塑性淀粉,再以剑麻纤维为骨架增强体制备剑麻纤维增强热塑性淀粉复合材料,通过正交试验优化制备工艺,DSC、TG/DTG、SEM分析其热稳定性及结构。正交试验表明,各因素对材料抗拉强度影响的主次顺序为纤维长度>纤维用量>模压成型温度>填料用量；最佳工艺条件为纤维长度15 mm、纤维用量35 g、模压成型温度200℃、填料用量5 g,此时材料的抗拉强度可达到4.45 MPa。利用差示扫描量热分析和热重分析分别对热塑性淀粉及剑麻纤维复合材料的热稳定性进行了分析,结果表明,热塑处理提高了淀粉的熔融温度,有利于淀粉与纤维素羟基间的氢键结合,且热塑过程在一定程度上降低了淀粉的热稳定性；剑麻纤维复合材料的热降解过程主要发生在200~400℃温度区间。 SEM分析显示最佳工艺条件下得到的复合材料具有较好的泡孔结构。
위연구검마섬유증강적열소성정분복합재료적제비공예급열은정성,이옥미정분위원료,선제득열소성정분,재이검마섬유위골가증강체제비검마섬유증강열소성정분복합재료,통과정교시험우화제비공예,DSC、TG/DTG、SEM분석기열은정성급결구。정교시험표명,각인소대재료항랍강도영향적주차순서위섬유장도>섬유용량>모압성형온도>전료용량；최가공예조건위섬유장도15 mm、섬유용량35 g、모압성형온도200℃、전료용량5 g,차시재료적항랍강도가체도4.45 MPa。이용차시소묘량열분석화열중분석분별대열소성정분급검마섬유복합재료적열은정성진행료분석,결과표명,열소처리제고료정분적용융온도,유리우정분여섬유소간기간적경건결합,차열소과정재일정정도상강저료정분적열은정성；검마섬유복합재료적열강해과정주요발생재200~400℃온도구간。 SEM분석현시최가공예조건하득도적복합재료구유교호적포공결구。
In order to further research composition process and the thermal stability of thermoplastic starch composites reinforced with plant fiber, the composites were prepared by reinforcing the thermoplastic starch obtained from corn starch with sisal fiber as skeleton reinforcing agent. The orthogonal test was designed to optimize the preparation process. DSC, TG/DTG and SEM were used to analyze the thermal stability and the structure of the composites. The results showed that the order of the influences of various factors on the tensile strength of the material was fiber length>fiber content>molding temperature>filler content. And the tensile strength of the material was 4. 45 MPa, when the fiber length was 15 mm, the fiber content was 35 g, the molding temperature was 200℃ and the filler content was 5 g. The thermal stabilities of thermoplastic starch and sisal fiber composite were analyzed. The results showed that the thermoplastic treatment could increase the melting temperature of starch, benefit for the hydrogen-bonding between starch and the hydroxy of cellulose, and decrease the thermal stability of starch. The thermal degradation process of sisal fiber composites mainly occured in the temperature range 200-400℃. SEM images showed that the composites possessed great foam structure under the optimistic process conditions.