CAJ | 학술논문

本文以清华大学的学生资助体系为例，通过清华大学2010、2011两个年级6150名学生的跟踪数据，采用倾向分数配对法，实证检验了奖学金和助学金对学生学业成绩的影响。实证结果显示，学生在往年获得奖学金能够激励他们在来年取得显著更好的成绩；在控制了其他变量和样本自选择偏差后，助学金在促进学生学业成绩方面的效果却并不显著。为了能让助学金在促进学生学业方面取得更加显著的效果，今后高校在资助体系建设上应该注重关心、关注、追踪被资助学生的发展与成长，努力为学生提供合适的“发展机会”资助、“成长平台”资助，进而建设一个更加有效的学生资助体系。
본문이청화대학적학생자조체계위례，통과청화대학2010、2011량개년급6150명학생적근종수거，채용경향분수배대법，실증검험료장학금화조학금대학생학업성적적영향。실증결과현시，학생재왕년획득장학금능구격려타문재래년취득현저경호적성적；재공제료기타변량화양본자선택편차후，조학금재촉진학생학업성적방면적효과각병불현저。위료능양조학금재촉진학생학업방면취득경가현저적효과，금후고교재자조체계건설상응해주중관심、관주、추종피자조학생적발전여성장，노력위학생제공합괄적“발전궤회”자조、“성장평태”자조，진이건설일개경가유효적학생자조체계。
Taking the financial aid system of Tsinghua University as an example and based on the data of all its college students enrolled in 2010 and 201 1,this study examines the effects of scholarships and grants on students’academic achievement by using the propensity score matching method.The re-sults show that scholarships (merit-based)motivate students to significantly improve academic per-formance.This is true even though the data were collected after Tsinghua reduced the weight of aca-demic achievement in scholarship decisions.In addition,after controlling for other variables and ad-dressing the self-selection bias of the sample,the study finds that grants (need-based)do not have a significant effect on students’academic achievement.The results suggest that universities should afford a wider range of financial aid programs for students in poverty,such as a platform for growth and more opportunities for development,so as to improve the student aid system.