CAJ | 학술논문

锁儿头滑坡是甘肃舟曲县城附近一个巨型老滑坡，自20世纪70年代末以来一直处于缓慢活动之中。滑坡所处的地质环境表明，锁儿头滑坡长期缓慢滑动是具有特殊性质的滑坡物质在自重、边界断层活动、白龙江侧蚀和地下水四大因素联合作用下的结果。然而，除自重这个基础因素外，其余三个因素在该滑坡中的作用程度如何，目前尚无定论。笔者在野外调查和监测数据分析的基础上，采用数值模拟手段，定量分析了三个因素对滑坡活动速率的贡献程度。研究结果表明：对于组成物质松软的锁儿头滑坡而言，除了其流变性质外，地下水和断层活动是导致滑坡长期缓慢活动的主要因素，其中地下水位上升的作用略大于断层活动；尽管滑坡在不同因素作用后的位移模式基本一致，但位移速率有明显差异；相较于单独自重作用，边界断层活动使滑坡位移速率增大20％～47％；地下水位上升1 m 后，滑坡位移速率增大20％～97％，且随着水位上升量的增加，滑坡位移速率进一步增大；白龙江侧蚀仅对滑坡临江前缘部分的位移速率影响较大，但位移速率的增大幅度与白龙江水流速度并无明显正相关。
쇄인두활파시감숙주곡현성부근일개거형로활파，자20세기70년대말이래일직처우완만활동지중。활파소처적지질배경표명，쇄인두활파장기완만활동시구유특수성질적활파물질재자중、변계단층활동、백룡강측식화지하수사대인소연합작용하적결과。연이，제자중저개기출인소외，기여삼개인소재해활파중적작용정도여하，목전상무정론。필자재야외조사화감측수거분석적기출상，채용수치모의수단，정량분석료삼개인소대활파활동속솔적공헌정도。연구결과표명：대우조성물질송연적쇄인두활파이언，제료기류변성질외，지하수화단층활동시도치활파장기완만활동적주요인소，기중지하수위상승적작용략대우단층활동；진관활파재불동인소작용후적위이모식기본일치，단위이속솔유명현차이；상교우단독자중작용，변계단층활동사활파위이속솔증대20％～47％；지하수위상승1 m 후，활파위이속솔증대20％～97％，차수착수위상승량적증가，활파위이속솔진일보증대；백룡강측식부대활파림강전연부분적위이속솔영향교대，단위이속솔적증대폭도여백룡강수류속도병무명현정상관。
Suoertou landslide ,an old giant landslide in Zhouqu County in Gansu Province ,has been moving slowly since 1970 ’ s .The geological environment indicates that the slow‐movement was controlled by behavior of slide’s materials under four factors ,including weight of the slope ,activity of its boundary faults ,incision of Bailongjiang river at its toe ,and the groundwater within the slope ;although only the slope weight has been confirmed for its importance .Based on the field investigation and monitoring data analysis ,numerical simulation was adopted to analyze the contribution of the other three factors to the activity rate of the slide .It was found that the creep behavior of Suoertou landslide was mainly controlled by the groundwater and active fault in addition to its rheological nature ,in which the effect of rise of water table was great than active fault on the dynamics of the slide .The numerical simulation results showed that Suoertou landslide’s dynamic modes were similar with different velocity under different controlling factors .It was also found that when boundary faults were activated , the velocity of Suoertou landslide increased by 20% 47% compared to the condition of only gravity was considered ;the landslide’s velocity increased with the increasing of water table ,the velocity increased by 20% 97% with 1 m rise of the water table .However ,the incision of Bailongjiang river had only an influence on the velocity of the front part of the slide ,and the amplitude of its velocity had no obvious positive relationship with the flow rate of Bailongjiang river .