CAJ | 학술논문

1894至1895年的甲午战争中，清朝北洋海军在丰岛、黄海及威海卫三次海战中均告失败，并最终导致北洋舰队覆灭。考察清王朝甲午海战失败原因，可以发现日本侵略者在战备与作战方面与孙子诸多军事原则相一致，主要表现在情报上做到“知彼知己”，战备充分而达成“先胜而后求战”，战法上擅用“诡道”“奇正”，而清王朝则因情报无能、战备不力、战略战术僵化等方面原因导致失败。当前，学习研究《孙子兵法》对我国建设强大的人民海军、创新发展海战战法具有极强的理论和现实意义。
1894지1895년적갑오전쟁중，청조북양해군재봉도、황해급위해위삼차해전중균고실패，병최종도치북양함대복멸。고찰청왕조갑오해전실패원인，가이발현일본침략자재전비여작전방면여손자제다군사원칙상일치，주요표현재정보상주도“지피지기”，전비충분이체성“선성이후구전”，전법상천용“궤도”“기정”，이청왕조칙인정보무능、전비불력、전략전술강화등방면원인도치실패。당전，학습연구《손자병법》대아국건설강대적인민해군、창신발전해전전법구유겁강적이론화현실의의。
In the Sino‐Japanese War from 1894 to 1895 ,the Beiyang Navy of the Qing Dynasty was defeated in the naval battles of Feng‐tao ,Yellow Sea and Wei‐hai Port ,which eventually led to the complete collapse of the Beiyang Navy Fleet .Reviewing the cause of the failure ,we can find that the Japanese aggressor’s conducting of war preparing and carrying out were in accordance with Sun Tzu ’s series of military principles .The main manifestation was “knowing yourself as well as the enemy” in the aspect of intelligence ,reaching full combat readiness that“fighting after assured winning” ,being adept at “deception” and combining “special and normal tactics” .However , the Qing Dynasty’s intelligence incapability ,poor war preparing ,rigid war strategy and tactics ,etc resulted in the failure of the war .