广西植物
廣西植物
엄서식물
Guihaia
2015年
6期
942-955
,共14页
水稻%逆境胁迫%抗逆性%转录因子%基因表达
水稻%逆境脅迫%抗逆性%轉錄因子%基因錶達
수도%역경협박%항역성%전록인자%기인표체
rice%adversity stress%stress resistance%transcriptional factor%gene expression
干旱、盐碱、高温和低温等逆境因子胁迫水稻的生长发育,进而影响水稻的产量和品质。因此,研究水稻的抗逆性,尤其是揭示其抗逆分子机理具有重要的生物学意义。近年来,水稻抗逆分子机理的研究主要集中在转录因子及其分子调控机制方面。在水稻中,目前研究较多的转录因子类型主要有 bZIP、MYB/MYC、WRKY、AP2/EREBP 和 NAC,它们的结构通常由 DNA 结合结构域、转录活化结构域、寡聚化位点和核定位信号组成。转录因子在水稻逆境信号转导途径中起着中心调节作用,它们将逆境信号传递和放大,通过与目的基因启动子区中顺式作用元件特异结合,调控下游多个逆境相关基因的表达,从而引起水稻对逆境应答反应,最终实现水稻获得综合抗逆性的提升。该文简要概述了植物转录因子的调控机制、结构特点、分类与功能特性,重点论述了转录因子在水稻抗逆中的作用,指出了转录因子应用过程中转基因水稻产生的负效应问题,并提出了解决负效应问题的研究思路,同时展望了今后转录因子的研究前景,以期为挖掘和应用新的水稻转录因子基因以及阐明其抗逆调控机制提供理论依据。
榦旱、鹽堿、高溫和低溫等逆境因子脅迫水稻的生長髮育,進而影響水稻的產量和品質。因此,研究水稻的抗逆性,尤其是揭示其抗逆分子機理具有重要的生物學意義。近年來,水稻抗逆分子機理的研究主要集中在轉錄因子及其分子調控機製方麵。在水稻中,目前研究較多的轉錄因子類型主要有 bZIP、MYB/MYC、WRKY、AP2/EREBP 和 NAC,它們的結構通常由 DNA 結閤結構域、轉錄活化結構域、寡聚化位點和覈定位信號組成。轉錄因子在水稻逆境信號轉導途徑中起著中心調節作用,它們將逆境信號傳遞和放大,通過與目的基因啟動子區中順式作用元件特異結閤,調控下遊多箇逆境相關基因的錶達,從而引起水稻對逆境應答反應,最終實現水稻穫得綜閤抗逆性的提升。該文簡要概述瞭植物轉錄因子的調控機製、結構特點、分類與功能特性,重點論述瞭轉錄因子在水稻抗逆中的作用,指齣瞭轉錄因子應用過程中轉基因水稻產生的負效應問題,併提齣瞭解決負效應問題的研究思路,同時展望瞭今後轉錄因子的研究前景,以期為挖掘和應用新的水稻轉錄因子基因以及闡明其抗逆調控機製提供理論依據。
간한、염감、고온화저온등역경인자협박수도적생장발육,진이영향수도적산량화품질。인차,연구수도적항역성,우기시게시기항역분자궤리구유중요적생물학의의。근년래,수도항역분자궤리적연구주요집중재전록인자급기분자조공궤제방면。재수도중,목전연구교다적전록인자류형주요유 bZIP、MYB/MYC、WRKY、AP2/EREBP 화 NAC,타문적결구통상유 DNA 결합결구역、전록활화결구역、과취화위점화핵정위신호조성。전록인자재수도역경신호전도도경중기착중심조절작용,타문장역경신호전체화방대,통과여목적기인계동자구중순식작용원건특이결합,조공하유다개역경상관기인적표체,종이인기수도대역경응답반응,최종실현수도획득종합항역성적제승。해문간요개술료식물전록인자적조공궤제、결구특점、분류여공능특성,중점논술료전록인자재수도항역중적작용,지출료전록인자응용과정중전기인수도산생적부효응문제,병제출료해결부효응문제적연구사로,동시전망료금후전록인자적연구전경,이기위알굴화응용신적수도전록인자기인이급천명기항역조공궤제제공이론의거。
Adverse environmental factors,such as drought,salinization,high temperature and low temperature, severely threaten rice growth and development,and then damage rice yield and quality.Therefore,the research on rice resistance,especially dissecting molecular mechanism of rice,has important biological significance.In recent years,the reports on molecular mechanism of rice resistance have been mainly focused on isolating and identifying transcriptional factor genes as well as their regulatory mechanisms.For example, several main types of transcriptional factors,such as bZIP,MYB/ MYC,WRKY,AP2/EREBP and NAC families,were relatively clearly studied in rice.Each of these transcriptional factors was usually composed of a DNA-binding domain,a transcription regulation domain,a oligomerization site and a nuclear localization domain.Transcriptional factors played a pivotal role in the adversity signal transduction pathways of rice,they acted as the integrators of environmental factors to transmit and amplify adversity signal,and then regulated many of stress-related genes expression by specifically inter-acting with cis-acting elements existed in the promoter sequences of target genes,which made rice response to adver-sity stresses,eventually confers enhanced comprehensive stress resistances in rice.In this review,the regulatory mechanisms,structural characteristics,classification and functional properties of transcriptional factors are summa-rized,their regulatory roles in the stress response and tolerance of rice were discussed,the negative effects of geneti-cally modified rice in the process of transcriptional factors application were mentioned,and research approaches of sol-ving the negative effects problem were suggested,as well as the future study of transcriptional factors were discussed.Overall,the aim of this paper was to provide the basis for identifying and applying new transcriptional fac-tor genes from rice,and clarifying their molecular mechanism in rice stress resistances.
