中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科
中國耳鼻嚥喉頭頸外科
중국이비인후두경외과
Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
2015年
11期
545-547,562
,共4页
苏英锋%刘迎曦%孙秀珍%于申%王吉喆
囌英鋒%劉迎晞%孫秀珍%于申%王吉喆
소영봉%류영희%손수진%우신%왕길철
数值分析%计算机辅助%鼻腔%气流动力学
數值分析%計算機輔助%鼻腔%氣流動力學
수치분석%계산궤보조%비강%기류동역학
Numerical Analysis%Computer-Assisted%Nasal Cavity%aerodynamics
目的研究国人鼻腔内气流特征。方法依据40例健康国人鼻腔CT扫描数据建立鼻腔三维有限元数值模型，设定边界条件和载荷：气道壁为边界无滑移、前鼻孔为标准大气压、潮气量为600 ml，求解黏性流体运动方程和Navier-Stockes方程。结果①气流量：33例左侧较多，7例右侧较多，主要通气侧（320±28）ml，非主要通气侧（180±45）ml；②气流速度：前鼻孔、鼻内孔、总鼻道中部和下部在主要通气侧分别为（5.01±2.12）m/s、（7.00±1.75）m/s、（5.08±1.55）m/s、（4.12±1.40）m/s；在非主要通气侧分别为（2.01±0.94）m/s、（2.40±0.34）m/s、（1.99±1.0）m/s、（2.01±0.65）m/s，双侧差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）；中鼻道、下鼻道、嗅裂在主要通气侧分别为（2.08±0.43）m/s、（1.60±0.95）m/s、（1.64±0.80）m/s，在非主要通气侧分别为（1.89±0.52）m/s、（1.49±0.89）m/s、（1.50±0.75）m/s，双侧差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）；③气流形式：在总鼻道中部和下部主要表现为类似直线形式；④上颌窦腔内气流速度近乎为0 m/s。结论鼻腔气流主要通过总鼻道中、下部，气流在鼻腔内主要为层流，上颌窦腔内气流以自由扩散为主。
目的研究國人鼻腔內氣流特徵。方法依據40例健康國人鼻腔CT掃描數據建立鼻腔三維有限元數值模型，設定邊界條件和載荷：氣道壁為邊界無滑移、前鼻孔為標準大氣壓、潮氣量為600 ml，求解黏性流體運動方程和Navier-Stockes方程。結果①氣流量：33例左側較多，7例右側較多，主要通氣側（320±28）ml，非主要通氣側（180±45）ml；②氣流速度：前鼻孔、鼻內孔、總鼻道中部和下部在主要通氣側分彆為（5.01±2.12）m/s、（7.00±1.75）m/s、（5.08±1.55）m/s、（4.12±1.40）m/s；在非主要通氣側分彆為（2.01±0.94）m/s、（2.40±0.34）m/s、（1.99±1.0）m/s、（2.01±0.65）m/s，雙側差異均有統計學意義（P均＜0.05）；中鼻道、下鼻道、嗅裂在主要通氣側分彆為（2.08±0.43）m/s、（1.60±0.95）m/s、（1.64±0.80）m/s，在非主要通氣側分彆為（1.89±0.52）m/s、（1.49±0.89）m/s、（1.50±0.75）m/s，雙側差異均無統計學意義（P均>0.05）；③氣流形式：在總鼻道中部和下部主要錶現為類似直線形式；④上頜竇腔內氣流速度近乎為0 m/s。結論鼻腔氣流主要通過總鼻道中、下部，氣流在鼻腔內主要為層流，上頜竇腔內氣流以自由擴散為主。
목적연구국인비강내기류특정。방법의거40례건강국인비강CT소묘수거건립비강삼유유한원수치모형，설정변계조건화재하：기도벽위변계무활이、전비공위표준대기압、조기량위600 ml，구해점성류체운동방정화Navier-Stockes방정。결과①기류량：33례좌측교다，7례우측교다，주요통기측（320±28）ml，비주요통기측（180±45）ml；②기류속도：전비공、비내공、총비도중부화하부재주요통기측분별위（5.01±2.12）m/s、（7.00±1.75）m/s、（5.08±1.55）m/s、（4.12±1.40）m/s；재비주요통기측분별위（2.01±0.94）m/s、（2.40±0.34）m/s、（1.99±1.0）m/s、（2.01±0.65）m/s，쌍측차이균유통계학의의（P균＜0.05）；중비도、하비도、후렬재주요통기측분별위（2.08±0.43）m/s、（1.60±0.95）m/s、（1.64±0.80）m/s，재비주요통기측분별위（1.89±0.52）m/s、（1.49±0.89）m/s、（1.50±0.75）m/s，쌍측차이균무통계학의의（P균>0.05）；③기류형식：재총비도중부화하부주요표현위유사직선형식；④상합두강내기류속도근호위0 m/s。결론비강기류주요통과총비도중、하부，기류재비강내주요위층류，상합두강내기류이자유확산위주。
[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo explore the basic characters of the airflow-field in Chinese people's nasal cavity by computational fluid dynamics.METHODSThe three-dimensional, finite-element mesh were developed from Spiral CT imaging scans of nose of the 40 healthy Chinese people. Given the following spatial boundaries of the flow field: no-slip condition was imposed at the surface of the nasal airway walls; a standard atmosphere pressure condition was established at the inlet; a velocity vector was specified at the outlet (nasopharynx), which was obtained under the condition of aspiratory flow rate (12 L/min), the full Navier-Stokes and continuity equations were solved to obtain the airflow pattern.RESULTS1. The airflow passed mainly through left or right side of the nasal airway in the whole 40 cases (left 33, right 7),and the volume of air through the main-side is (320±28) ml while non-main-side (180±45) ml. 2. Airflow velocity: airflow of anterior nostrils, internal nostrils, the middle and inferior parts of the total meatus in the main-side were (5.01±2.12) m/s, (7.00±1.75) m/s, (5.08±1.55) m/s, (4.12±1.40) m/s respectively, and those in non-main-side were (2.01±0.94) m/s, (2.40±0.34) m/s, (1.99±1.0) m/s, (2.01±0.65) m/s respectively, which differences between the both sides were of statistical significance (allP<0.05); airflow of middle meatus, inferior meatus and olfactory cleft in the main-side were (2.08±0.43) m/s, (1.60±0.95) m/s, (1.64±0.80)m/s respectively, and those in non-main-side were (1.89±0.52) m/s, (1.49±0.89) m/s, (1.50±0.75) m/s respectively, which differences were significant statistically (allP>0.05); 3. The airflow form appeared to be linear in the middle and inferior parts of the nasal cavity. 4. Velocity in maxillary sinus cavity was almost 0 m/s.CONCLUSIONThe airflow passes mainly through the middle and inferior parts of the meatus with higher velocity in laminar form and airflow of middle meatus, inferior meatus and olfactory cleft are low and the velocity were slow. Besides, airflow in maxillary sinus cavity diffuses free mainly.
