作物学报
作物學報
작물학보
Acta Agronomica Sinica
2016年
1期
43-50
,共8页
棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)%区域试验%遗传力%噪信比%重复次数%试点数量%优化配置
棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)%區域試驗%遺傳力%譟信比%重複次數%試點數量%優化配置
면화(Gossypium hirsutum L.)%구역시험%유전력%조신비%중복차수%시점수량%우화배치
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)%Regional trial%Heritability%Noise-signal quotient%Frequency of replicates%Number of test locations%Optimal allocation
农作物区域试验重复次数和试点数量设置直接影响试验的遗传力和品种选择效率。本研究以2000—2014年期间长江流域、黄河流域和西北内陆棉区国家棉花区试数据为资料,依据各棉区的试验发展现状和试验遗传力随着试点数量的变化,分析重复次数和试点数量设置的合理性,提出各棉区试点数量的设置方案。结果表明:(1)我国棉花品种区域试验采用3次重复是保证试验效率的充分条件;(2)长江流域和黄河流域国家棉花区试现行的试点数量设置已经可以充分满足试验的遗传力要求,西北内陆棉区的试点数也符合遗传力达到0.75的基本要求;(3)由于棉花区域试验对品种的推荐审定和应用十分重要,试验过程中也可能会因田间管理、自然灾害或其他异常情况导致试验报废,为充分保证试验的可靠性,长江流域棉区可保持当前20个左右的试点数量,遗传力即可达到0.90的水平;黄河流域和西北内陆棉区可以分别将试点数量增加到27个和19个左右,遗传力达到0.90和0.85的水平。该结果为国家棉花区域试验的优化配置提供理论依据,也为其他作物区域试验布局提供参考。
農作物區域試驗重複次數和試點數量設置直接影響試驗的遺傳力和品種選擇效率。本研究以2000—2014年期間長江流域、黃河流域和西北內陸棉區國傢棉花區試數據為資料,依據各棉區的試驗髮展現狀和試驗遺傳力隨著試點數量的變化,分析重複次數和試點數量設置的閤理性,提齣各棉區試點數量的設置方案。結果錶明:(1)我國棉花品種區域試驗採用3次重複是保證試驗效率的充分條件;(2)長江流域和黃河流域國傢棉花區試現行的試點數量設置已經可以充分滿足試驗的遺傳力要求,西北內陸棉區的試點數也符閤遺傳力達到0.75的基本要求;(3)由于棉花區域試驗對品種的推薦審定和應用十分重要,試驗過程中也可能會因田間管理、自然災害或其他異常情況導緻試驗報廢,為充分保證試驗的可靠性,長江流域棉區可保持噹前20箇左右的試點數量,遺傳力即可達到0.90的水平;黃河流域和西北內陸棉區可以分彆將試點數量增加到27箇和19箇左右,遺傳力達到0.90和0.85的水平。該結果為國傢棉花區域試驗的優化配置提供理論依據,也為其他作物區域試驗佈跼提供參攷。
농작물구역시험중복차수화시점수량설치직접영향시험적유전력화품충선택효솔。본연구이2000—2014년기간장강류역、황하류역화서북내륙면구국가면화구시수거위자료,의거각면구적시험발전현상화시험유전력수착시점수량적변화,분석중복차수화시점수량설치적합이성,제출각면구시점수량적설치방안。결과표명:(1)아국면화품충구역시험채용3차중복시보증시험효솔적충분조건;(2)장강류역화황하류역국가면화구시현행적시점수량설치이경가이충분만족시험적유전력요구,서북내륙면구적시점수야부합유전력체도0.75적기본요구;(3)유우면화구역시험대품충적추천심정화응용십분중요,시험과정중야가능회인전간관리、자연재해혹기타이상정황도치시험보폐,위충분보증시험적가고성,장강류역면구가보지당전20개좌우적시점수량,유전력즉가체도0.90적수평;황하류역화서북내륙면구가이분별장시점수량증가도27개화19개좌우,유전력체도0.90화0.85적수평。해결과위국가면화구역시험적우화배치제공이론의거,야위기타작물구역시험포국제공삼고。
The test location number and the replicate frequency in regional crop trials are important factors in determining both the trial heritability and cultivar selection efficiency. The test location number and replicate frequency for three national cotton regional trials in China were studied using experimental data during the last 15 years according to changes of trial heritability with the increase of test locations and replicates within trials in 2000–2014. The results indicated that three replicates are sufficient to achieve 0.75 of within-trial heritability. The current test locations in the Yangtze River Valley, the Yellow River Valley and the Northwest Inland regions are sufficient to achieve 0.75 of cross-trial heritability. Considering the importance of the regional trials in recommending cotton varieties and the possible trial cancellation due to poor field managements, natural disasters or other non-artificial factors, the optimum number of test locations proposed for the Yangtze River Valley should be maintained at the current level of 20 locations with H=0.90 to ensure enough credibility of regional trials, while that proposed for the Yellow River Valley and the Northwest Inland cotton regions should be increased to 27 and 19 locations with heritability level of 0.90 and 0.85, respectively. The conclusion will provide a theoretical guidance for the optimal configuration of national cotton regional trials and also act as a reference for the rational layout of regional trials in other crops.