CAJ | 학술논문

为解决烟叶采收烘烤过程中劳动强度大、用工成本高等问题,设计了一种新型烤烟活动箱式装烟框以及配套使用的烟叶运输、上炕提升装卸装置.利用活动箱式装烟框装烟烘烤,可以在烟叶采收后直接装框,无编捆烟叶过程,避免鲜烟叶因编捆、反复装卸等造成破损、残伤.采用半自动化提升装置,可以简化烟叶上炕流程,降低劳动强度,减少劳动用工成本.采用该设备与常规挂竿烘烤、散叶堆烤方式进行了对比试验.结果表明:利用该装置可实现烟叶成熟采收、上炕烘烤等操作,每烘烤出1 kg干烟叶劳动用工成本分别比挂竿烘烤、散叶堆烤降低56.95%和23.81%.与挂竿烘烤相比,减少能耗成本0.38元/kg干烟叶,减少劳动用工成本1.27元/kg干烟叶,总成本降低1.65元/kg干烟叶;与散叶堆烤相比,总成本降低0.28元/kg干烟叶.该设备操作简便,实现了烟叶运输、上炕过程的半自动化,有效提升了烟叶烘烤机械化作业水平.
위해결연협채수홍고과정중노동강도대、용공성본고등문제,설계료일충신형고연활동상식장연광이급배투사용적연협운수、상항제승장사장치.이용활동상식장연광장연홍고,가이재연협채수후직접장광,무편곤연협과정,피면선연협인편곤、반복장사등조성파손、잔상.채용반자동화제승장치,가이간화연협상항류정,강저노동강도,감소노동용공성본.채용해설비여상규괘간홍고、산협퇴고방식진행료대비시험.결과표명:이용해장치가실현연협성숙채수、상항홍고등조작,매홍고출1 kg간연협노동용공성본분별비괘간홍고、산협퇴고강저56.95%화23.81%.여괘간홍고상비,감소능모성본0.38원/kg간연협,감소노동용공성본1.27원/kg간연협,총성본강저1.65원/kg간연협;여산협퇴고상비,총성본강저0.28원/kg간연협.해설비조작간편,실현료연협운수、상항과정적반자동화,유효제승료연협홍고궤계화작업수평.
For reducing the labor intensity and cost in tobacco harvesting and curing, a new movable box-like frame for holding tobacco and accompanied leaf transportation, elevating, curing barn loading and unloading devices were designed. The harvested tobacco leaves were loaded into the frame and cured directly dispense with tying, so that leaf breakage or damage caused by leaf tying and repeated loading/unloading was avoided. The semi-automatic elevator simplified curing barn loading operation and reduced labor intensity and cost. Experiments were conducted to compare this system with conventional stick curing and bulk curing, the results showed that: the system was able to accomplish efficient harvesting, loading and curing, the labor cost for 1 kg dried leaves decreased by 56.95% and 23.81% comparing with stick curing and bulk curing, respectively. Comparing with stick curing, the energy cost and labor cost reduced by 0.38 and 1.27 RMB yuan/kg dried leaves, overall cost reduced by 1.65 RMB yuan/kg;comparing with bulk curing, overall cost decreased by 0.28 RMB yuan/kg. This system is convenient in operation and realizes the semi-automation of leaf transportation and curing barn loading.