CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析浙江省恶性间皮瘤聚集性发病地区1984至2010年作业环境的石棉水平,提高当地对恶性间皮瘤的认识和早期诊断率,保护工人健康.方法在当地疾病预防控制中心收集1984至2010年浙江省某石棉加工地区的石棉纺织企业、家庭手纺、刹车片生产、石棉板生产作业场所空气中石棉的总粉尘浓度监测资料,共收集到时间加权平均浓度(TWA)数据766份,MAC数据1 233份.对其中29个家庭手纺作业点在同一时间同一采样点平行测定石棉质量浓度及纤维计数浓度.在该地石棉企业采集石棉原料及积尘,对粉尘成分进行X线衍射检测分析.结果该石棉加工地区1984至2010年使用的石棉原料为四川省、青海省、新疆维吾尔自治区、俄罗斯、津巴布韦的温石棉,可混有SiO2、CaCO3等杂质.石棉板生产曾使用蓝石棉作为原料.石棉纺织企业上世纪60年代至80年代粉尘浓度远超过国家标准,此后粉尘浓度明显下降,但高于国家标准.石棉纺织企业作业环境中粉尘浓度超标率为95.2％,原料、梳棉、机纺、编织、劳保工作场所中粉尘浓度的超标率均在90％以上,其中梳棉显著较高.家庭手纺质量浓度的超标率为37.9％,纺机旁粉尘浓度和超标率较高.石棉板生产打浆和刹车片生产磨片的作业环境粉尘浓度较高.结论石棉加工各种生产方法的粉尘浓度均有超标的情况,使作业工人处于恶性间皮瘤等石棉相关疾病的风险中,应引起高度重视.
목적 분석절강성악성간피류취집성발병지구1984지2010년작업배경적석면수평,제고당지대악성간피류적인식화조기진단솔,보호공인건강.방법 재당지질병예방공제중심수집1984지2010년절강성모석면가공지구적석면방직기업、가정수방、찰차편생산、석면판생산작업장소공기중석면적총분진농도감측자료,공수집도시간가권평균농도(TWA)수거766빈,MAC수거1 233빈.대기중29개가정수방작업점재동일시간동일채양점평행측정석면질량농도급섬유계수농도.재해지석면기업채집석면원료급적진,대분진성분진행X선연사검측분석.결과 해석면가공지구1984지2010년사용적석면원료위사천성、청해성、신강유오이자치구、아라사、진파포위적온석면,가혼유SiO2、CaCO3등잡질.석면판생산증사용람석면작위원료.석면방직기업상세기60년대지80년대분진농도원초과국가표준,차후분진농도명현하강,단고우국가표준.석면방직기업작업배경중분진농도초표솔위95.2％,원료、소면、궤방、편직、로보공작장소중분진농도적초표솔균재90％이상,기중소면현저교고.가정수방질량농도적초표솔위37.9％,방궤방분진농도화초표솔교고.석면판생산타장화찰차편생산마편적작업배경분진농도교고.결론 석면가공각충생산방법적분진농도균유초표적정황,사작업공인처우악성간피류등석면상관질병적풍험중,응인기고도중시.
Objective to analyze asbestos exposure level between 1984 and 2010 in a district of malignant mesothelioma with clustering incidence in Zhejiang Province,in order to improve the recognizing and early diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma,protect the health of workers.Methods monitoring data of total asbestos dust concentration in the air of workplace from 1984 to 2010 in asbestos textile enterprises,family hand spinning operation,brake production,and asbestos board production in Zhejiang Province were collected in the local CDC.A total of 766 TWA copies of mass concentration were collected,and 1233 copies of MAC data.Asbestos mass concentration and fibre counting concentration of 29 points of family hand spinning operation were parallel determinated in the same time and the same sampling point.Raw asesbtos materials and dust composition of local asbestos processing corporations were collected and analyzed using X-ray diffraction method.Results Raw materials of asbestos used between 1984 and 2010 in this area were chrysotile from Sichuan,Qinghai,Xinjiang,Russia,Zimbabwe,and some were mixed with SiO2,CaCO3 and other impurities.Raw materials used in asbestos board production were blue asbestos.Dust concentration between 1960s and 1980s in asbestos processing plants far exceeded the national standard.After then the dust concentration decreased significantly,but still higher than the national standard.95.2％ of air dust concentrations in the workplaces of asbestos factories exceeded the standard,and dust concentrations of workplaces of raw material,spinning,weaving,carding and labor insurance were above 90％ in which carding work had the highest median concentration.37.9％ of dust mass concentrations in hand spinning work exceeded the standard where textile machinery side had the highest value.Beating job in asbestos board manufacturing and grinding job in brake production had higher concentrations.Conclusions Most of production technologies in asbestos processing industry exceed the standard level,indicating that the workers were at risk for malignant mesothelioma and other asbestos related diseases,which should draw high attention.