CAJ | 학술논문

在当前除草剂品种繁多而谷子田可用除草剂稀缺的条件下 ,探讨除草剂骠马在谷子田施用时的安全性.在山西农业大学农作站谷子试验基地采用大田试验研究了谷子3~4叶期喷施不同剂量的骠马对张杂谷10号光合作用、叶绿素荧光参数以及产量构成的影响.结果表明 ,供试除草剂处理后 ,谷子叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn )、气孔导度(Gs)、气孔限制值(Ls)、PS Ⅱ 最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PS Ⅱ 潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、PS Ⅱ 有效量子产量[Y(Ⅱ)]、电子传递速率(ETR)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)均出现不同程度的降低 ;而胞间CO2 浓度(Ci)和非光化学猝灭系数(N P Q )的变化呈相反趋势 ,且表现出一定的剂量 -效应关系.此外 ,除草剂对谷子植株光合特性的影响效应随着施药时间的延长逐渐减弱 ,表现为喷施除草剂后5d之前较为显著 ,其后多数指标可恢复至对照水平.谷子产量随供试除草剂剂量的增加呈先增后降的趋势.在骠马喷施剂量超过900 ml·hm -2时 ,会对谷子造成不可逆的伤害 ,进而降低了谷子产量.
재당전제초제품충번다이곡자전가용제초제희결적조건하 ,탐토제초제표마재곡자전시용시적안전성.재산서농업대학농작참곡자시험기지채용대전시험연구료곡자3~4협기분시불동제량적표마대장잡곡10호광합작용、협록소형광삼수이급산량구성적영향.결과표명 ,공시제초제처리후 ,곡자협편적협록소함량、정광합속솔(Pn )、기공도도(Gs)、기공한제치(Ls)、PS Ⅱ 최대광화학효솔(Fv/Fm)、PS Ⅱ 잠재활성(Fv/Fo)、PS Ⅱ 유효양자산량[Y(Ⅱ)]、전자전체속솔(ETR)화광화학졸멸계수(qP)균출현불동정도적강저 ;이포간CO2 농도(Ci)화비광화학졸멸계수(N P Q )적변화정상반추세 ,차표현출일정적제량 -효응관계.차외 ,제초제대곡자식주광합특성적영향효응수착시약시간적연장축점감약 ,표현위분시제초제후5d지전교위현저 ,기후다수지표가회복지대조수평.곡자산량수공시제초제제량적증가정선증후강적추세.재표마분시제량초과900 ml·hm -2시 ,회대곡자조성불가역적상해 ,진이강저료곡자산량.
The security of application of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl in foxtail millet was studied in the conditions of a wide vari-ety of herbicides but scarce available for foxtail millet .Field trial was carried out to study the effect of different levels of herbicides ,sprayed at the 3th or 4th leaf stages ,on photosynthetic characteristics ,chlorophyll fluorescence parame-ters and yield component of 'Zhang za 10' in experiment site of Shanxi Agricultural University .Results showed that after spraying herbicide ,photosynthetic pigment content ,the photosynthetic rate (Pn) ,stomatal conductance (Gs) , stomatal limitation value(Ls) ,Fv/Fm ,Fv/Fo ,Y(Ⅱ ) ,ETR and qP were varying decreased ;however ,the internal CO2 concentration (Ci) and NPQ were presented a tendency of opposite ,which displayed remarkable dose-response . The impact of herbicide on the photosynthetic characteristics of foxtail millet was more obvious at the initial of the treatment ,followed by a gradually slowing effect ,at the late of the treatment most of the indicators could be restored to the control level .Yield showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing .The above results suggested that a irreversible damage will be produced and reduce the yield of foxtail millet ,when the level of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl exceed 900 ml·hm-2 .