北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)
北京師範大學學報(自然科學版)
북경사범대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY (NATURAL SCIENCE)
2001年
1期
111-117
,共7页
孙全辉%张正旺%阮祥峰%张可银%朱家贵
孫全輝%張正旺%阮祥峰%張可銀%硃傢貴
손전휘%장정왕%원상봉%장가은%주가귀
白冠长尾雉%集群行为%集群方式%无线电遥测
白冠長尾雉%集群行為%集群方式%無線電遙測
백관장미치%집군행위%집군방식%무선전요측
野外观察结合无线电遥测研究表明,河南董寨鸟类保护区白冠长尾雉在非繁殖期倾向于集群活动。雄性集群、雌性集群和两性混合集群是其常见的3种集群方式,但以单性集群为主,并且性别隔离现象明显.繁殖期观察到亚成体仍集群活动,但发现成体也有集群行为,推测其原因可能是繁殖的需要.观察期内平均群体大小为(3.87±2.24)只,而雄群、雌群和混合群平均群体大小依次为(2.54±0.31),(3.81±0.40)和(6.42±1.25)只,三者之间均存在极显著差异(p<0.01).群体活动对研究区内7种生境类型的利用有明显选择性(χ2=93.545,d=6,p=0),其中混交林、幼林和茶灌是集群活动利用的主要生境.集群活动对坡位的利用存在时空变化.冬季和繁殖前期对坡位的利用相似(z=-0.36,p=0.79),而与繁殖期和繁殖后期存在明显差异(χ2=0.028,d=3,p=0.028),表现在对坡下位的利用方面.白冠长尾雉集群个体的组成相对稳定,群体内个体间关系多样化.遥测结果表明,雄性集群的形成过程依次是:独立活动、靠近、尾随、一起活动.
野外觀察結閤無線電遙測研究錶明,河南董寨鳥類保護區白冠長尾雉在非繁殖期傾嚮于集群活動。雄性集群、雌性集群和兩性混閤集群是其常見的3種集群方式,但以單性集群為主,併且性彆隔離現象明顯.繁殖期觀察到亞成體仍集群活動,但髮現成體也有集群行為,推測其原因可能是繁殖的需要.觀察期內平均群體大小為(3.87±2.24)隻,而雄群、雌群和混閤群平均群體大小依次為(2.54±0.31),(3.81±0.40)和(6.42±1.25)隻,三者之間均存在極顯著差異(p<0.01).群體活動對研究區內7種生境類型的利用有明顯選擇性(χ2=93.545,d=6,p=0),其中混交林、幼林和茶灌是集群活動利用的主要生境.集群活動對坡位的利用存在時空變化.鼕季和繁殖前期對坡位的利用相似(z=-0.36,p=0.79),而與繁殖期和繁殖後期存在明顯差異(χ2=0.028,d=3,p=0.028),錶現在對坡下位的利用方麵.白冠長尾雉集群箇體的組成相對穩定,群體內箇體間關繫多樣化.遙測結果錶明,雄性集群的形成過程依次是:獨立活動、靠近、尾隨、一起活動.
야외관찰결합무선전요측연구표명,하남동채조류보호구백관장미치재비번식기경향우집군활동。웅성집군、자성집군화량성혼합집군시기상견적3충집군방식,단이단성집군위주,병차성별격리현상명현.번식기관찰도아성체잉집군활동,단발현성체야유집군행위,추측기원인가능시번식적수요.관찰기내평균군체대소위(3.87±2.24)지,이웅군、자군화혼합군평균군체대소의차위(2.54±0.31),(3.81±0.40)화(6.42±1.25)지,삼자지간균존재겁현저차이(p<0.01).군체활동대연구구내7충생경류형적이용유명현선택성(χ2=93.545,d=6,p=0),기중혼교림、유림화다관시집군활동이용적주요생경.집군활동대파위적이용존재시공변화.동계화번식전기대파위적이용상사(z=-0.36,p=0.79),이여번식기화번식후기존재명현차이(χ2=0.028,d=3,p=0.028),표현재대파하위적이용방면.백관장미치집군개체적조성상대은정,군체내개체간관계다양화.요측결과표명,웅성집군적형성과정의차시:독립활동、고근、미수、일기활동.
Reeves's pheasant is an endangered bird native only to China.From December 1999 to August 2000, the flocking behavior and activities of reeves's pheasant (Syrmaticus Reevesii) were studied using radio telemetry in Dongzhai Bird Nature Reserve. The study sites lie in the north slope of West Dabie Mountain, which is the core area of reeves's pheasant ranges extant in China. The results show that there exist 3 flock patterns in the group of reeves's pheasant in non- or breeding season, i.e. male group, female group and mix group; but the motivation caused flocking behavior may be distinct between the two seasons. It is likely the stimulus of reproduction, which cause the flocking behavior for breeding season rather than the factors such as food or predation for non-breeding season. Males and females can be seen in a mix group, but they are more inclined to flock separately. The average size of all groups observed is (3.87±2.24) birds (n=101) and those of male group, female group and mix group are (2.54±0.31) (n=24), (3.81±0.40) (n=27), (6.42±1.25) (n=24 ) birds respectively (χ2=36.957,d=2,p=0). Yong growth of forest, Tea farmland and Cropland are the three of seven habitat types, which are used high frequently by groups in all time. In winter and pre-reproduction period, it is easier to witness flocking behavior in the under-part of mountain than in the up-part (z=-0.36,p=0.79). However, the result is distinctive from the period of reproduction (z=-2.426,p=0.015). The relationship between the members of group maybe diversity but 3 of them known so far are stable. The research suggests that the process for males' flock forming might be: living alone, approaching, tagging and flocking orderly.