CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析15岁以下儿童紫癜类疾病流行病学特征及发病危险因素.方法收集大连市2007-2009年15岁以下紫癜患儿病例进行回顾性流行病学调查.结果本次调查共收集到15岁以下儿童紫癜病例992例,发病率为35.46/10万.各年龄段均有发病,但以5~9周岁儿童发病最多为530例,占全部病例的53.43%.从分类来看,过敏性紫癜发病最多,占74.29%,其次为血小板减少性紫癜发生247例,占24.90%,单纯性紫癜和风湿性紫癜较少,分别发生5例和3例,各占0.50%和0.30%.紫癜类疾病发病危险因素包括细菌或病毒感染史、食物或药物过敏史、疫苗接种、紫癜家族史、自身免疫系统疾病等.从疫苗接种史来看,12种疫苗可引起紫癜发病,排在前四位的疫苗依次为麻疹类疫苗、乙肝疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗和百白破联合疫苗.结论紫癜类疾病发病原因复杂,在判定是否与预防接种存在因果关系、评价疫苗导致疾病的发病风险时,不仅需要该类疾病的临床特征、疾病诊断等资料,更应结合该病的流行病学特征及其人群基础发生率进行群体发病水平的比较分析.
목적분석15세이하인동자전류질병류행병학특정급발병위험인소.방법수집대련시2007-2009년15세이하자전환인병례진행회고성류행병학조사.결과본차조사공수집도15세이하인동자전병례992례,발병솔위35.46/10만.각년령단균유발병,단이5~9주세인동발병최다위530례,점전부병례적53.43%.종분류래간,과민성자전발병최다,점74.29%,기차위혈소판감소성자전발생247례,점24.90%,단순성자전화풍습성자전교소,분별발생5례화3례,각점0.50%화0.30%.자전류질병발병위험인소포괄세균혹병독감염사、식물혹약물과민사、역묘접충、자전가족사、자신면역계통질병등.종역묘접충사래간,12충역묘가인기자전발병,배재전사위적역묘의차위마진류역묘、을간역묘、척수회질염역묘화백백파연합역묘.결론자전류질병발병원인복잡,재판정시부여예방접충존재인과관계、평개역묘도치질병적발병풍험시,불부수요해류질병적림상특정、질병진단등자료,경응결합해병적류행병학특정급기인군기출발생솔진행군체발병수평적비교분석.
Objective To analysis the epidemic characteristics and the risk factors of children’s purpura.[Methods] To collect purpura casesUnder the age of 15during 2007 to 2009 indalian for retrospective epidemiological research.[Results]992 purpura cases of childrenUnder the age of 15 were collected and the incidence rate was 35.46 per 100000.All ageshave thedisease, but the children of 5 to 9 years of agehave the the top incidenceUp to 530 cases, accounting for 53.43 percent of all cases; for the classification, thehighest incidence was allergic purpura , accounting for 74.29 percent, followed by the thrombocytopenic purpura which occurred 247, accounting for 24.90 percent , simple purpura and rheumatic purpura were less, occurred five cases and three cases respectively, accounting for 0.50 percent and 0.30 percent respectively;many risk factors caused purpura, such as bacterial, viral infection, food,drug allergies, vaccination, thehistory of purpura and autoimmune systemdiseases.From thehistory of vaccination,12 kinds of vaccine can cause the purpura.Measles,hepatitis B vaccine, poliomyelitis anddTP combined vaccine were the top four kinds of risk vaccines.[Conclusions] The reasons of purpura were complex.Todetermine the causal relationship of vaccination and purpura, to evaluate the risk of vaccine, clinical features anddiagnosis of thesediseases were required.Furthermore, epidemiological characteristics and population based incidence were combined to analysis in population.