现代医药卫生
現代醫藥衛生
현대의약위생
MODERN MEDICINE HEALTH
2014年
7期
997-999,1027
,共4页
罗丹%胡帮芹%刘永%段永生%王芬%陈霞云
囉丹%鬍幫芹%劉永%段永生%王芬%陳霞雲
라단%호방근%류영%단영생%왕분%진하운
药物副反应报告系统%药用制剂/副作用%数据收集%药物利用
藥物副反應報告繫統%藥用製劑/副作用%數據收集%藥物利用
약물부반응보고계통%약용제제/부작용%수거수집%약물이용
Adverse drug reaction reporting systems%Pharmaceutical preparations/adverse effects%Data collection%Drug utilization
目的：了解某院药品不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及规律，促进临床合理用药。方法对某院2012年收集的162例ADR报告，分别从患者性别及年龄、出现不良反应时间、给药途径、ADR涉及器官或系统及临床表现、引发ADR的药品种类、ADR的转归及报告人职业等进行统计和分析。结果162例ADR报告中70岁以上者所占比例最大（44.44%，72/162）；引起ADR的主要药品种类为抗菌药物（23.76％，48/202），其次为心血管系统药物（12.38％，25/202）；静脉滴注给药方式是引发ADR的主要给药途径（80.86%，131/162）；ADR临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害为主（29.67%，73/246）；多数患者发生ADR经停药及对症处理后好转或治愈，对原患疾病影响不明显（51.23%，83/162）；ADR上报人员以医生和护士为主，分别为29.01%（47/162）、69.75%（113/162）。结论医护人员应加强对老年患者的用药监护，密切观察患者用药后0.5 h内的反应；除静脉给药外，还应考虑其他给药方式；更加关注用药后患者皮肤及其附件的变化；对抗菌药物的使用应加强管理；对于不良反应的处理得当，可继续保持；应增加药师的ADR上报率。
目的：瞭解某院藥品不良反應（ADR）髮生的特點及規律，促進臨床閤理用藥。方法對某院2012年收集的162例ADR報告，分彆從患者性彆及年齡、齣現不良反應時間、給藥途徑、ADR涉及器官或繫統及臨床錶現、引髮ADR的藥品種類、ADR的轉歸及報告人職業等進行統計和分析。結果162例ADR報告中70歲以上者所佔比例最大（44.44%，72/162）；引起ADR的主要藥品種類為抗菌藥物（23.76％，48/202），其次為心血管繫統藥物（12.38％，25/202）；靜脈滴註給藥方式是引髮ADR的主要給藥途徑（80.86%，131/162）；ADR臨床錶現以皮膚及其附件損害為主（29.67%，73/246）；多數患者髮生ADR經停藥及對癥處理後好轉或治愈，對原患疾病影響不明顯（51.23%，83/162）；ADR上報人員以醫生和護士為主，分彆為29.01%（47/162）、69.75%（113/162）。結論醫護人員應加彊對老年患者的用藥鑑護，密切觀察患者用藥後0.5 h內的反應；除靜脈給藥外，還應攷慮其他給藥方式；更加關註用藥後患者皮膚及其附件的變化；對抗菌藥物的使用應加彊管理；對于不良反應的處理得噹，可繼續保持；應增加藥師的ADR上報率。
목적：료해모원약품불량반응（ADR）발생적특점급규률，촉진림상합리용약。방법대모원2012년수집적162례ADR보고，분별종환자성별급년령、출현불량반응시간、급약도경、ADR섭급기관혹계통급림상표현、인발ADR적약품충류、ADR적전귀급보고인직업등진행통계화분석。결과162례ADR보고중70세이상자소점비례최대（44.44%，72/162）；인기ADR적주요약품충류위항균약물（23.76％，48/202），기차위심혈관계통약물（12.38％，25/202）；정맥적주급약방식시인발ADR적주요급약도경（80.86%，131/162）；ADR림상표현이피부급기부건손해위주（29.67%，73/246）；다수환자발생ADR경정약급대증처리후호전혹치유，대원환질병영향불명현（51.23%，83/162）；ADR상보인원이의생화호사위주，분별위29.01%（47/162）、69.75%（113/162）。결론의호인원응가강대노년환자적용약감호，밀절관찰환자용약후0.5 h내적반응；제정맥급약외，환응고필기타급약방식；경가관주용약후환자피부급기부건적변화；대항균약물적사용응가강관리；대우불량반응적처리득당，가계속보지；응증가약사적ADR상보솔。
Objective To study the occurrence characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in a hospi-tal in order to improve the rational drug use in clinic. Methods Totally 162 reports of ADR,collected from a hospital in 2012, were statistically analyzed according to gender and age,response time of adverse reactions,route of administration,organs or sys-tems involved in ADR and clinical manifestation,drug kinds causing ADR,outcomes of ADR,occupations of the reporters and so on. Results ADR occurred frequently in the patients over 70 accounting for 44.44%(72/162);the main drugs causing ADR were antibacterial agents (23.76%,48/202),followed by cardiovascular agents (12.38%,25/202);the main route of administration causing ADR was intravenous drip(80.86%,131/162);the clinical manifestation mainly concentrated on the damage of skin and its accessories(29.67%,73/246);most patients were improved or cured after discontinued medication by symptomatic treatment without obvious effects on the original disease(51.23%,83/162);the reporters of ADR were mainly doctors and nurses,accounting for 29.01%(47/162) and 69.75%(113/162)respectively. Conclusion Medical workers should strengthen the monitoring of el-derly patients on drug use,and observe the reaction of patients within 0.5 h after medication closely. Besides intravenous drip , other drug-delivery way also should be considered. The changes of patients′skin and its accessories after medication should be paid more attention. The application of antibacterial agents should be strengthened. The method dealing with the ADR is well and should be kept. The reporting rate of ADR of pharmacists should be increased.
