现代医药卫生
現代醫藥衛生
현대의약위생
MODERN MEDICINE HEALTH
2015年
8期
1154-1156
,共3页
死亡率%早产%婴儿,出生时低体重%儿童%重庆
死亡率%早產%嬰兒,齣生時低體重%兒童%重慶
사망솔%조산%영인,출생시저체중%인동%중경
Mortality%Premature birth%Infant,low birth weight%Child%Chongqing
目的：了解重庆市渝中区2009~2013年5岁以下儿童死亡情况和相关影响因素，为制订有效的干预措施、降低5岁以下儿童死亡率提供科学依据。方法对2009~2013年渝中区5岁以下儿童死因监测资料进行回顾性分析，依据《中国妇幼卫生监测方案》和《中国5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案》中关于5岁以下儿童死亡监测的相关规定及国际疾病分类10（ICD-10）编码，通过辖区三级医疗保健网络对儿童出生及死亡情况进行调查和质控。死因按照ICD-10进行分类，数据采用χ2检验。结果2009~2013年重庆市渝中区5岁以下儿童总死亡率、新生儿死亡率和婴儿死亡率呈先下降后升高趋势。5岁以下男童死亡率[0.38%（50/13225）]与女童死亡率[0.31%（39/12536）]比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.838，P＞0.05）；早产、低出生体质量在死因构成中的比例明显增加，早产构成比由11.76%增加至56.00%，差异有统计学意义（趋势性检验χ2=11.650，P＜0.05）；低出生体质量构成比由23.53%上升至56.00%，差异有统计学意义（趋势性检验χ2=9.950， P＜0.05）。结论加强围生期保健，减少出生缺陷、早产儿的发生；增加对妇幼保健人员业务技能培训，提高儿童疾病诊治能力；依托家庭医生制订服务模式，强化儿童保健系统管理；增强社会医疗保障能力是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的重要措施。
目的：瞭解重慶市渝中區2009~2013年5歲以下兒童死亡情況和相關影響因素，為製訂有效的榦預措施、降低5歲以下兒童死亡率提供科學依據。方法對2009~2013年渝中區5歲以下兒童死因鑑測資料進行迴顧性分析，依據《中國婦幼衛生鑑測方案》和《中國5歲以下兒童死亡鑑測方案》中關于5歲以下兒童死亡鑑測的相關規定及國際疾病分類10（ICD-10）編碼，通過轄區三級醫療保健網絡對兒童齣生及死亡情況進行調查和質控。死因按照ICD-10進行分類，數據採用χ2檢驗。結果2009~2013年重慶市渝中區5歲以下兒童總死亡率、新生兒死亡率和嬰兒死亡率呈先下降後升高趨勢。5歲以下男童死亡率[0.38%（50/13225）]與女童死亡率[0.31%（39/12536）]比較，差異無統計學意義（χ2=0.838，P＞0.05）；早產、低齣生體質量在死因構成中的比例明顯增加，早產構成比由11.76%增加至56.00%，差異有統計學意義（趨勢性檢驗χ2=11.650，P＜0.05）；低齣生體質量構成比由23.53%上升至56.00%，差異有統計學意義（趨勢性檢驗χ2=9.950， P＜0.05）。結論加彊圍生期保健，減少齣生缺陷、早產兒的髮生；增加對婦幼保健人員業務技能培訓，提高兒童疾病診治能力；依託傢庭醫生製訂服務模式，彊化兒童保健繫統管理；增彊社會醫療保障能力是降低5歲以下兒童死亡率的重要措施。
목적：료해중경시투중구2009~2013년5세이하인동사망정황화상관영향인소，위제정유효적간예조시、강저5세이하인동사망솔제공과학의거。방법대2009~2013년투중구5세이하인동사인감측자료진행회고성분석，의거《중국부유위생감측방안》화《중국5세이하인동사망감측방안》중관우5세이하인동사망감측적상관규정급국제질병분류10（ICD-10）편마，통과할구삼급의료보건망락대인동출생급사망정황진행조사화질공。사인안조ICD-10진행분류，수거채용χ2검험。결과2009~2013년중경시투중구5세이하인동총사망솔、신생인사망솔화영인사망솔정선하강후승고추세。5세이하남동사망솔[0.38%（50/13225）]여녀동사망솔[0.31%（39/12536）]비교，차이무통계학의의（χ2=0.838，P＞0.05）；조산、저출생체질량재사인구성중적비례명현증가，조산구성비유11.76%증가지56.00%，차이유통계학의의（추세성검험χ2=11.650，P＜0.05）；저출생체질량구성비유23.53%상승지56.00%，차이유통계학의의（추세성검험χ2=9.950， P＜0.05）。결론가강위생기보건，감소출생결함、조산인적발생；증가대부유보건인원업무기능배훈，제고인동질병진치능력；의탁가정의생제정복무모식，강화인동보건계통관리；증강사회의료보장능력시강저5세이하인동사망솔적중요조시。
Objective To understand death status and related factors of children under 5 years old in Yuzhong District of Chongqing from 2009 to 2013 to provide scientific basis for reducing the mortality rate of children below 5 years old. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out by the surveillance data of death of children below 5 years old in Yuzhong District from 2009 to 2013. Upon the investigation and quality control to the children birth and death by the three-tertiary medical and preven-tive health care network under the jurisdiction according to China′s Maternal and Child Health Monitoring Programme and Death Monitoring Programme of Children under 5 Years Old Programme in China concerning regulations related to death monitoring of children under 5 years old and ICD-10 code of international disease classification.The data adoptedχ2 test. Results The mortality rate of infant,newborns and children under 5 years old in Yuzhong District from 2009 to 2013 was decreased firstly and then in-creased. There was no statistical significance of mortality rate between the male and female children[0.378%(50/13 225) vs. 0.311%(39/12 536)](χ2=0.838,P>0.05). The proportion of premature and low birth weight in the constitution of causes of death was raised significantly,of which,the premature ratio was from 11.76% up to 56.00%,whose difference had statistical significance (trend inspectionχ2=11.650,P<0.05),and the low birth weight was from 23.53%to 56.00%,the difference was statistically sig-nificant(trend inspectionχ2=9.950,P<0.05). Conclusion Strengthening the perinatal health care,reducing the occurrence of birth defect and premature,increasing business skills training for the maternal and child health care,it improves the diagnostic abili-ty of children′s diseases. Meanwhile,relying on the family doctor service mode to strengthen children health management system, strengthening the social medical security ability are the important measures to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old.
