CAJ | 학술논문

传统的利用正向遗传学方法的基因定位一般是通过构建遗传连锁图谱进行的，该过程步骤繁琐、耗时耗力，很多情形下定位精确度低、区间大。随着高通量测序技术的快速发展以及测序成本的不断降低，多种简单快捷的利用测序手段定位基因的方法被开发出来，包括对突变体基因组直接测序定位、突变体材料构建混池测序定位和遗传分离群体测序构建图谱定位等，还可以对转录组和部分基因组进行测序定位。这些方法可以在核苷酸水平鉴定突变位点，并已推广到复杂的遗传背景中。近期报道的一些测序定位甚至是在不依赖于参考基因组序列、遗传杂交和连锁信息的情况下完成的，这使得很多非模式物种也能开展正向遗传学研究。本文就这些新技术及其在基因定位中的应用进行了综述。
전통적이용정향유전학방법적기인정위일반시통과구건유전련쇄도보진행적，해과정보취번쇄、모시모력，흔다정형하정위정학도저、구간대。수착고통량측서기술적쾌속발전이급측서성본적불단강저，다충간단쾌첩적이용측서수단정위기인적방법피개발출래，포괄대돌변체기인조직접측서정위、돌변체재료구건혼지측서정위화유전분리군체측서구건도보정위등，환가이대전록조화부분기인조진행측서정위。저사방법가이재핵감산수평감정돌변위점，병이추엄도복잡적유전배경중。근기보도적일사측서정위심지시재불의뢰우삼고기인조서렬、유전잡교화련쇄신식적정황하완성적，저사득흔다비모식물충야능개전정향유전학연구。본문취저사신기술급기재기인정위중적응용진행료종술。
Traditional gene mapping using forward genetic approaches is conducted primarily through construction of a genetic linkage map, the process of which is tedious and time-consuming, and often results in low accuracy of mapping and large mapping intervals. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and decreasing cost of sequencing, a variety of simple and quick methods of gene mapping through sequencing have been developed, including direct sequencing of the mutant genome, sequencing of selective mutant DNA pooling, genetic map construction through sequencing of individuals in population, as well as sequencing of transcriptome and partial genome.These methods can be used to identify mutations at the nucleotide level and has been applied in complex genetic background.Recent reports have shown that sequencing mapping could be even done without the reference of genome sequence, hybridization, and genetic linkage information, which made it possible to perform forward genetic study in many non-model species. In this review, we summarized these new technologies and their application in gene mapping.