CAJ | 학술논문

各种生物都具有其独特的遗传信息,深入了解生物体的形成过程以及各种生命活动都离不开基因组的研究成果.由于在世界范围内马具有良好的健康情况记录和详细的系谱记录,使得马成为生命科学研究中极具价值的模式动物.尽管起步较晚,但在过去的几年中,马基因组图谱经历了前所未有的发展.文章主要对近年来马基因组遗传图谱、物理图谱、基因组比较作图以及功能基因组学等研究进展进行了综述.这些图谱也正是世界各地研究人员用以探寻与马的各种性状(包括全部的健康状况、抗病性能、生殖生育能力、运动性能以及诸如毛色这样的表型特征等)相关基因的重要工具.相信这些研究成果将为马匹疾病预防、诊断和治疗提供新的思路与方法,并将为马遗传育种提供更好的选配依据.
각충생물도구유기독특적유전신식,심입료해생물체적형성과정이급각충생명활동도리불개기인조적연구성과.유우재세계범위내마구유량호적건강정황기록화상세적계보기록,사득마성위생명과학연구중겁구개치적모식동물.진관기보교만,단재과거적궤년중,마기인조도보경력료전소미유적발전.문장주요대근년래마기인조유전도보、물리도보、기인조비교작도이급공능기인조학등연구진전진행료종술.저사도보야정시세계각지연구인원용이탐심여마적각충성상(포괄전부적건강상황、항병성능、생식생육능력、운동성능이급제여모색저양적표형특정등)상관기인적중요공구.상신저사연구성과장위마필질병예방、진단화치료제공신적사로여방법,병장위마유전육충제공경호적선배의거.
There is unique genetic information belonging to various kinds of living beings.Understanding of the formation process of organisms and a variety of vital movement is associated with the achievements of genome study.As horse has a notable health condition and great record of the genealogy in the world,thus it becomes a valuable model animal for studying life science.Despite of a late start,the map of the horse genome has undergone unprecedented expansion during the last few years.The current progresses of the horse genome,including genetic map,physical map,comparative genomic map,and functional genomics,were reviewed in this paper.The maps are currently used worldwide to discover genes associated with various traits of significance in horse including general health,disease resistance,reproduction,fertility,athletic performance,phenotypic characteristics like coat color,etc.The results are believed to provide new ideas and approaches for prevention,diagnostics,and therapeutic for horses,and also better foundation of breed selection and equine genetic breeding.